1. Niagara College Faculty Resources Minimizing Plagiarism

2. Academic Integrity Ten principles of Academic Integrity http://www.csub.edu/studentconduct/documents/principlesacademicintegrity.pdf

3. Seven focus topics on video  Shared understanding (definitions)  Designing in/out  Good induction and clear guidance  Early skills training  Encouraging a “NO Blind Eyes” Culture  Using a range of detection strategies  Fair, consistent, transparent processes for dealing with cases Jude Carroll on Plagiarism http://www.nottingham.ac.uk/teaching/assessmentfeedback/plagiarism.aspx

4. Considerations for framework The Centre for the Study of Higher Education (CSHE) in Australia recommended the following four strategies designed to minimize plagiarism:  Collaborative effort to recognize and counter plagiarism  Thoroughly educating students about expected conventions and enhancing skill development  Designing approaches to assessment that minimize the possibility of plagiarizing  Install visible procedures for monitoring and detecting cheating – including punishment and re-education Note:  First three strategies – proactive  Fourth – reactive but includes immediate response when plagiarism occurs Reference: Minimizing Plagiarism – CSHE http://www.cshe.unimelb.edu.au/assessinglearning/03/plagMain.html#crossedline

5. Is all plagiarism equal? Different approaches and strategies should be considered because of the following dimensions  The student’s INTENT to cheat  The EXTENT of the plagiarism  The response that might be made to deal with each case There are both Intentional and Unintentional Reasons

6. Unintentional considerations  Limited or incorrect understanding of what plagiarism really is  Incorrect understanding of citation and referencing conventions  Limited skills in summarizing, paraphrasing, quoting, critical analysis, and researching  Personal challenges such as poor organization skills, time management, and workload stress

7. What is extent of the plagiarism? Review this example about the extent of plagiarism – Where is the line crossed? Extreme: Download essay to hand in as Minor: Misuse of quotes, paraphrasing and/or referencing conventions http://www.cshe.unimelb.edu.au/assessinglearni ng/03/plagMain.html#crossedline

8. Plagiarism Intent-Extent Response Graph © Devlin, 2002

9. Thoughts?  Serious plagiarism should be dealt with by senior academic staff on a case-by-case basis High intent and extent is a serious breach and needs an appropriate punitive response (as per Niagara College policy)  Punitive and Educative responses should not be seen as mutually exclusive Minor plagiarism should be offered support and targeted education as preventative measure  The response might vary depending on the intent and the extent of the plagiarism

10. Suggestions for consideration Three broad types of faculty based initiatives:  Strategies of Awareness  Strategies of Prevention  Strategies of Detection

11. Strategies of Awareness  Educate yourself about plagiarism  Understand why students cheat  Educating your students about plagiarism  Discuss the benefits of citing sources  Make the penalties clear

12. Types of Cheating  Plagiarism related –e.g. improper citations  Using notes in exams or tests  Dishonestly obtaining information prior to tests  Copying  Permitting students to copy your work  Soliciting work from others – e.g. essays  Unauthorized collaborations or collusion  Fabrication – making up data, quotes, etc.  Recycling or unauthorized multiple submissions

13. Resource Anti-Plagiarism strategies for Research papers (Harris, 2012) http://www.virtualsalt.com/antiplag.htm http://www.virtualsalt.com/antiplag.htm

14. Strategies of Prevention  Make the assignment clear  Provide a list of specific topics  Require specific components in your paper  Require process steps for your paper  Require oral reports  Have students include an annotated bibliography  Require most references to be up-to-date  Require a meta-learning essay

15. 36 Strategies to minimize plagiarism  Teach students about conventions and how to avoid plagiarism  Counter plagiarism through design of assessment tests  Ask students for evidence that they have not plagiarized  Make positive use of collaborative work  Become familiar with resources that may be used for plagiarism  Make use of detection software and other deterrents  Respond quickly to incidents of plagiarism http://www.cshe.unimelb.edu.au/assessinglearning/03/plagMain.html#36

16. Other Resources Easy steps to combatting plagiarism http://www.coastal.edu/library/presentations/easystep.html Anti-Plagiarism strategies for Research papers (Harris, 2012) http://www.virtualsalt.com/antiplag.htm http://www.virtualsalt.com/antiplag.htm

17. Strategies of Detection  Look for clues – from Coastal Carolina University  Know where the sources of papers are  Search for the paper online – internet sources  Use a plagiarism detector http://www.coastal.edu/library/presentations/plagiarz.html http://www.coastal.edu/library/presentations/mills2.html

18. Look for clues  Mixed Citation styles  Lack of references or quotations  Unusual formatting  Off topic  Signs of datedness  Anomalies of diction – e.g. cut and paste  Anomalies of style  Smoking guns – blunders of careless copying