1. Chapter 4  Configuration: Client/Server Components 1 Chapter 4 Overview  Configure client/server components o Network interface card (NIC) o Windows 95 o Windows NT (similar to Windows 2000) o TCP/IP o SNMP mgmt agents o Microsoft networks o Discussion of NetBIOS, DNS, etc.

2. Chapter 4  Configuration: Client/Server Components 2 Why Configuration?  Analogy to telephone system o Network components like telephone hardware o Network configuration is like “getting everyone to speak the same language”  Network configuration necessary since o Not all components are plug and play o Networks are heterogeneous (different hardware, OSs, applications, protocols, etc.)

3. Chapter 4  Configuration: Client/Server Components 3 Configuration  Documentation is important o “The time it takes to troubleshoot a network is usually inversely proportional to the care taken in documenting device configuration”  What to configure? o Protocol stack (configured when OS is installed) o For network mgmt, must enable SNMP o In the past even the NIC had to be configured (today, plug and play)

4. Chapter 4  Configuration: Client/Server Components 4 The LAN used in Textbook

5. Chapter 4  Configuration: Client/Server Components 5 Asynchronous Communication  Each external device has a unique combination of interrupt request (IRQ) number and I/O address o These determine interrupt handler to call o Limited number of IRQs available  Must avoid conflicts o In past, admin had to configure these o Today, plug and play

6. Chapter 4  Configuration: Client/Server Components 6 Network Interface Card  Consider Ethernet adapter o IRQ and I/O address chosen by BIOS

7. Chapter 4  Configuration: Client/Server Components 7 Network Interface Card  Driver and protocol stack info

8. Chapter 4  Configuration: Client/Server Components 8 Windows 95  Specify IP address or use DHCP

9. Chapter 4  Configuration: Client/Server Components 9 Windows 95  Specify default gateway  In this example, if IP address not in range 192.192.192.241 thru 192.192.192.246, it will go to router at o 192.192.192.243

10. Chapter 4  Configuration: Client/Server Components 10 Windows 95  DNS  Here, DNS server is named server.Raleigh o Not connected to Internet  If connected to Internet, need a fully qualified domain name o server.Raleigh.com, or o server.Raleigh.net, …

11. Chapter 4  Configuration: Client/Server Components 11 Windows 95  WINS o Windows Internet Name Service o Resolves internal (NetBIOS) names to IP addresses  Used in Win NT and earlier  Can be used in Win 2000 and later, but by default, these use DNS

12. Chapter 4  Configuration: Client/Server Components 12 Windows 95  “Network Neighborhood”  Determines what is visible to hosts on the LAN  Uses NetBEUI (NetBIOS Extended User Interface) o Prior to Windows 2000  To get outside of LAN, NetBIOS over TCP/IP (NBT)

13. Chapter 4  Configuration: Client/Server Components 13 Windows 95  Configure SNMP agent o Allow mgmt station to see MIB information

14. Chapter 4  Configuration: Client/Server Components 14 Windows NT Server  Server manager o Primary domain controller, SERVER o Login once and access all computers in domain

15. Chapter 4  Configuration: Client/Server Components 15 Windows NT Server  User manager for domains o For configuring server o Lists users and groups

16. Chapter 4  Configuration: Client/Server Components 16 Windows NT Server  TCP/IP protocol stack o Similar to previous example (Windows 95)

17. Chapter 4  Configuration: Client/Server Components 17 Windows NT Server  WINS server o Static mapping of NetBIOS to IP addresses o Not necessary to statically configure this

18. Chapter 4  Configuration: Client/Server Components 18 Windows NT Server  DNS o Similar to previous

19. Chapter 4  Configuration: Client/Server Components 19 Windows NT Server  Network interface card o Also similar to Windows 95

20. Chapter 4  Configuration: Client/Server Components 20 Windows NT Server  SNMP o More to configure in server

21. Chapter 4  Configuration: Client/Server Components 21 Windows NT Server  SNMP services configuration (not shown) o Specify which info can be stored in MIB-2 and which is accessible by mgmt station

22. Chapter 4  Configuration: Client/Server Components 22 Windows NT Server  SNMP security configuration o A specified community name must be included in SNMP packet from mgmt station o Each community name is allowed access to specific MIB variables o Can also choose to only accept SNMP packets from specified hosts

23. Chapter 4  Configuration: Client/Server Components 23 Windows NT Server  SNMP security configuration

24. Chapter 4  Configuration: Client/Server Components 24 Windows NT Server  SNMP Traps o Unsolicited msgs from agent to mgmt station o Specify destination mgmt station for traps o In distributed mgmt scenario, can send trap to more than one mgmt station o Example of trap: incorrect community name (might help to detect an attack)

25. Chapter 4  Configuration: Client/Server Components 25 Windows NT Server  SNMP Traps

26. Chapter 4  Configuration: Client/Server Components 26 Chapter 4 Summary  Client/Server configuration o Windows 95 o Windows NT server  IRQ and address  TCP/IP  Windows NT domain  NetBIOS, etc.