1. Can be observed using the 5 senses. Many can be measured.
Physical Properties
Can be observed using the 5 senses. Many can be measured.

2. Examples of Physical Properties
Malleability- ability to be shaped by hammering or pressing
Solubility- ability to dissolve
Conductivity- ability to conduct thermal or electrical energy
Melting and Boiling Points- water- 0◦C/32◦F and 100◦C/212◦F
Volume- amount of space an object takes up- beaker- cm cubed/mL
Mass- amount of matter in an object- scale- grams
Density- an objects ability to float- Mass per unit Volume (g/mL)
Object floats- object is less dense than the liquid
Object sinks- object is more dense than the liquid

3. Change in shape, size, or state. The type of matter doesn’t change.
Physical Change
Change in shape, size, or state.
The type of matter doesn’t change.

4. Examples of Physical Change
Change in shape or size (crushing up rocks)
Change in state (wax melting or hardening)
Solutions- dissolving a solid in a liquid
Mixtures- where a new substance is not formed
Solids mixed with solids (adding salt to ice-lowers the melting point)
Liquids mixed with solids (sand and water)
Liquids mixed with liquids (oil and water)

5. Can only be seen when matter is changed into a new kind of matter.
Chemical Properties
Can only be seen when matter is changed into a new kind of matter.

6. Examples of Chemical Properties
Ability of a match to light when struck
Wood burning to ash
Anything being cooked
Nail becoming rusted (iron changes to rust)
Milk spoils and curdles; food rotting
Car burning fuel
Body digesting food; digestion begins in the mouth with saliva
Wick burning on a candle; smoke released during burning; ash

7. Clues that a Chemical Change is occurring
Heat is released
Odor is released
Smoke is released
A new substance is made

8. Mixtures and Solutions are Physical changes and can be separated
All parts of the mixture keep their physical properties
Parts are not evenly combined (ex. You may get more pretzels than your neighbor in a snack mix)
A mixture where all parts are equally combined
A solid is dissolved into a liquid
Solid dissolved faster if
The liquid is warm
The solid is broken into small pieces
The solution is stirred or shaken (rapid movement)

9. Ways to separate a mixture or solution
Sifting- colander- separate rice and flour
Magnetism- magnet- separate paperclips and sand
Filtration- filter- separate sand from water
Evaporation- separate a dissolved solid from liquid
Liquid will evaporate more quickly if the heat is higher or if more of the surface area of the liquid is exposed

10. Which 2 methods of separation would you use to separate a mixture of sand, salt, and water?
Sifting
Magnetism
Filtration
Evaporation

11. Made up of only one kind of matter
Elements
Made up of only one kind of matter

12. Periodic Table of Elements

13. What do all those numbers mean?
The atomic number tells how many protons the element has. Hydrogen has 1.

14. Compound Water or H₂O Substance made up of 2 or more elements.
Hydrogen Peroxide or H₂O₂
Substance made up of 2 or more elements.