2. The Movement to End Slavery Section 4

3. The Movement to End Slavery The Big Idea In the mid-1800s, debate over slavery increased as abolitionists organized to challenge slavery in the United States.

4. Americans Oppose Slavery Main Idea 1: Americans from a variety of backgrounds actively opposed slavery. Some believed African Americans should have the same treatment as white Americans, while others were opposed to full equality

5. Americans Oppose Slavery The reform spirit of the early 1800s also influenced the many abolitionists Some Americans opposed slavery before the country was even founded. Americans took more organized action supporting abolition, or the complete end to slavery, in the 1830s.

6. Americans Oppose Slavery The American Colonization Society was founded in 1817 to establish a colony of freed slaves in Africa. Liberia was founded on the west coast of Africa in 1822. Liberia is Latin for “place of freedom”

7. Americans Oppose Slavery The resettlement idea … did not halt the growth of slavery Was not liked by African Americans because they did not want to go to Africa

8. Americans Oppose Slavery Abolitionist William Lloyd Garrison founds an antislavery newspaper, The Liberator He called for an immediate end to slavery His paper gathered a large following in the North

9. Americans Oppose Slavery He also helped found the American Anti- slavery Society. They wanted the immediate emancipation and racial equality for African Americans.

10. Americans Oppose Slavery Angelina and Sarah Grimké,two white southern women, were activists who wrote antislavery works, including American Slavery As It Is.

11. Americans Oppose Slavery Many free African Americans were also a part of the abolitionist movement Samuel Cornish and John Russworm started the first African American newspaper called Freedoms Journal Samuel Conrish John Russworm

12. Americans Oppose Slavery Frederick Douglass: was born a slave taught himself to read and write ran away from his slave holder when he was young became an outspoken and famous abolitionist.

13. Americans Oppose Slavery Frederick Douglass He was a powerful speaker Spoke in America, London, & the West Indies He edited the abolitionist newspaper, the North Star He spoke about freedom and equality for African Americans

15. Americans Oppose Slavery Sojourner Truth She was born a slave with the name Isabella Bumfree. She fled to freedom when NY outlawed slavery. She later traveled around the country preaching the truth about slavery and women’s rights.

16. The Underground Railroad Main Idea 2: Abolitionists organized the Underground Railroad to help enslaved Africans escape.

17. The Underground Railroad By the 1830s a loosely organized group had begun helping slaves escape from the South. Abolitionists created the Underground Railroad: a network of people who arranged transportation and hiding places for fugitives, or escaped slaves.

18. The Underground Railroad The Underground Railroad: helped slaves escape to freedom was a network of safe houses from the south to the North was supposed to be a secret encouraged slaves to follow the North Star to freedom as they traveled at night.

20. The Underground Railroad The Underground Railroad developed a unique vocabulary: Passengers = the run away slaves Stations = barns, attics, church basements, or other places of rest for run-away slaves Conductors = the white and African American guides who helped the run-away passengers

21. The Underground Railroad Many runaways went to the North and sometimes even to Canada because they feared having to go back to slavery if captured in the northern part of America. The Underground Railroad gave great hope to slaves

22. The Underground Railroad Harriet Tubman A woman who escaped slavery She helped over 300 slaves escape to freedom. She is one of the most famous conductors of the Underground Railroad Rewards were offered for her death by southerners.

25. Opposition to Ending Slavery Main Idea 3: Despite efforts of abolitionists, many Americans remained opposed to ending slavery.

26. Opposition to Ending Slavery Many white northerners agreed with the South and supported slavery. Thought that ending slavery would take jobs from white workers