1. Gravity Hills 1 Gravity Hills and Strange Slopes, Dark Matters on Parallel Universes June 8, 2013 Sing H. Lin, Ph.D., 林星雄 · 博士 E-Mail: singhlin@gmail.com

2. Gravity Hills 2 Gravity Hills and Strange Slopes, Dark Matter on Parallel Universes Outlines Gravity Hill at Moncton, eastern Canada Gravity Hills on Coastal Roads Problems in traditional Illusion Theory Dark Matters Gravity Hills and Frontier of Science Dark Matters, Dark Energy, Dark Flow

3. Gravity Hills 3 Waiting Area at Magnetic Hill in Eastern Canada

4. Dark Energy & Matter 4 Waiting Area at Magnetic Hill in Eastern Canada

5. Gravity Hills 5 At the bottom, shift Transmission to Neutral, Release Brake

6. Gravity Hills 6 The vehicle starts rolling up hill on its own

7. Gravity Hills 7 The vehicle continued rolling uphill

8. Gravity Hills 8 Blue minivan is rolling uphill backward

9. Gravity Hills 9 More vehicles waiting on line for their turns

10. Dark Energy & Matter 10 Illusion Theory for Gravity Hills Claims That: Strange gravity hill phenomenon is due to illusion in human perception The human perceived bottom of gravity hill slope is “higher” than human perceived top of the slope Using simple carpenter’s level and results from land survey measurements support Illusion Theory.

11. Dark Energy & Matter 11 But I Do Not Believe in Illusion Theory Because of Evidences in Following Charts

12. Gravity Hills 12 We cannot see the bottom from waiting area

13. Gravity Hills 13 View from the bottom cannot see the waiting area at top either

14. Gravity Hills 14 Views from both the top and the bottom consistently indicate that: The bottom of the slope in the middle of this section of road is lower than the top of the slope, and is lower than the far end of this section of road.

15. Gravity Hills 15 A Coastal Gravity Hill – Electric Brae in Scotland All Visitors can see horizontal line in nearby ocean

16. Gravity Hills 16 A Coastal Gravity Hill- Electric Brae in Scotland All Visitors can see horizontal line in nearby ocean

17. Gravity Hills 17 On Coastal Gravity Hills - 1 People can see reference horizontal line in nearby ocean Human perception of top and bottom of a coastal gravity hill should be correct

18. Gravity Hills 18 Coastal Gravity Hills - 2 But carpenter level and land survey measurements still indicate that human perceived bottom is higher than human perceived top, supporting Illusion Theory Illusion Theory, carpenter level and results of land survey measurements are wrong because of influence of abnormal gravity on liquid bubble and plumb line used in such measurements on gravity hills as explained in the following charts.

19. Gravity Hills 19 Top and Bottom of an Uphill Slope Bottom of Hill Top of Hill Uphill Slope Reference Horizontal Plane

20. Gravity Hills 20 On Gravity Hill, Plumb Line and Liquid Bubble Yield (Wrong) Tilted Horizontal Plan Because of Influence of Abnormal Gravity Bottom of Gravity Hill Top of Gravity Hill Uphill Slope of Gravity Hill Reference Horizontal Plane Tilted Horizontal Plane due to Abnormal Gravity

21. Gravity Hills 21 Land Survey Measurements Yield Wrong Results Because Horizontal Plan Is Tilted by Abnormal Gravity Bottom of Gravity Hill Top of Gravity Hill Uphill Slope of Gravity Hill Reference Horizontal Plane Tilted Horizontal Plane due to Abnormal Gravity

22. Gravity Hills 22 Carpenter’s Level and Land Survey Measurements Yield Wrong Results on Gravity Hills The horizontal plan as indicated by plumb line and liquid bubble is tilted due to abnormal gravity The top of gravity hill becomes below the tilted horizontal plan (dashed red line) The top becomes lower than the bottom according to such measurements. The uphill slope becomes downhill slope according to the tilted horizontal plan (dashed red line) Illusion Theory is supported by such wrong measurement results

23. Gravity Hills 23 There are more than one known Coastal Gravity Hill Electric Brae on coastal road A719 in Ayrshire in Scotland Magnetic Hill on coastal road A27 on Isle of Man in Great Britain Anti-Gravity Point on a coastal road near Salalah in Oman A gravity hill on coastal road N247 west of Lisbon, Portugal All visitors on such coastal gravity hills can see horizontal line in nearby ocean

24. Gravity Hills 24 Hundreds of Known Gravity Hills All Over The World Reported on many YouTube video sites Many long lists of gravity hills reported on Internet As more roads are paved in developing countries, more gravity hills are being discovered. More potential gravity hills are still unknown because there is no paved road in wilderness, deserts, farm fields, golf courses, etc.

25. Gravity Hills 25 Characteristics of Gravity Hills from many Known Gravity Hills Abnormal gravity on such gravity hills is strong enough to pull vehicles, water bottles, basketballs, and water to roll uphill. Typical length of gravity hills on paved roads is only a few hundred feet Typical slope of gravity hills is only a few degrees or less The strange gravity hill phenomenon may show up for a few hundreds feet, then disappears, then shows up again short distance (0.3 to 2 miles) away on the same road

26. Gravity Hills 26 Our Familiar Regular Matters Cannot Produce Such Gravity Hill Effect - 1 Typical slope of gravity hills is a few degrees The abnormal horizontal gravity must be a few percent of the weight of vehicles, water bottles, etc. to be able to pull them to roll uphill If such abnormal gravity was from familiar regular matters, the size of such matter would be a few percent of the size of earth This means it requires a huge mountain of familiar regular matter with size of hundreds of kilometers or more to have enough gravity to pull those items to roll uphill

27. Gravity Hills 27 Our Familiar Regular Matters Cannot Produce Such Gravity Hill Effect - 2 But the gravity of a huge mountain of regular matter cannot be confined in only a few hundred feet which is the typical length of gravity hills Furthermore, at many gravity hill sites, there is no huge mountain nearby We conclude that our familiar regular matter cannot produce the strange gravity phenomenon on those gravity hills This means that the strange gravity phenomenon probably comes from an unknown matter that is very different from our familiar regular matter The distance variation of abnormal gravity on gravity hills violates the well known Newton’s Inverse Square Law

28. Gravity Hills 28 Abnormal Gravity on Gravity Hills It seems that the abnormal gravity on gravity hills comes from strange unknown matter  Dark Matter It seems that the distance variation of abnormal gravity on gravity hills violates the well known Newton’s Inverse Square Law for gravity in 3 dimensional space It seems that the abnormal gravity on gravity hills behaves in a higher dimensional space with more than 3 dimensions It seems that the source of abnormal gravity on gravity hills is Dark Matter on parallel universe

29. Gravity Hills 29 Dark Matter Deduced From Several Astronomy Observations

30. Dark Energy & Matter 30 A Rotating Spiral Galaxy

31. Dark Energy & Matter 31 A Galaxy Viewed from Its Edge

32. Gravity Hills 32 Galactic Rotation Problem Rotation curve of a typical spiral galaxy: predicted (A) vs. observed (B) by Vera Rubin in 1970. Distance from Center of Galaxy Orbiting Velocity Of Stars In the Galaxy

33. Dark Energy & Matter 33 Coma Cluster of Thousands of Galaxies

34. Gravity Hills 34 First Observational Evidence of Dark Matter Fritz Zwicky in Caltech first discovered evidence of dark matter in 1933 Based on his observation of dynamics of galaxies in Coma cluster of thousands of galaxies Found that the luminous matter of the Coma galaxy cluster is far from enough to support the high velocities of the galaxies in the cluster Conclusion: dark mater must be present with a much greater density than luminous matter But Zwicky’s discovery in 1933 did not receive much attention until Vera Rubin’s work in 1970

35. Dark Energy & Matter 35 Consistent Results from Several Astronomy Observations The high velocities of cluster of galaxies observed by Fritz Zwicky in 1933, the galactic rotation problem observed by Vera Rubin in 1970 and the subsequent observations of gravitation lensing all imply existence of dark matter consistently. They imply that dark matter is five times more abundant than our familiar regular matter However, the astronomy observations so far still cannot tell if dark matter is in our universe or in parallel universe

36. Gravity Hills 36 Evolution of Science In ancient time, it was believed that earth was the center of universe because the sun, the moon and all stars look rotating around our earth. But now we know that earth is not the center of universe Historically, it was believed that our universe is the only universe in the entire cosmo But recent advances in science indicates that our universe may not be the only one and there may be many other parallel universes.

37. Gravity Hills 37 Where are dark matters? The preliminary result from my 7-year investigation of gravity hills indicates that dark matters are in parallel universe, not in our universe If such result is proven correct, it will be an important breakthrough and contribution to the frontier of modern science. If we accept such finding, what are the consequences?

38. Gravity Hills 38 Recent scientific studies by using simulation on super-computers indicate: Cold dark matter provides the critical gravitational scaffolding (i.e., framework, backbone, skeleton) for the formation of galaxy clusters, galaxies and stars. Without the scaffolding of cold dark matter, our familiar galaxy clusters, galaxies and stars could not form and could not exist.

39. Gravity Hills 39 Gravity can leak from One Universe into Other Parallel Universes - 1 According to String Theory, M-Theory and Theory of Parallel Universes: –Gravity can leak from one universe into other parallel universes because gravity is represented by closed-loop string which is NOT stuck to a brane (i.e., universe) –All matters and other forces (electromagnetic force, strong force, weak force, and light) are all confined within their own universe because they are represented by open strings which are stuck in their own brane (i.e., universe)

40. Gravity Hills 40 Gravity can leak from One Universe into Other Parallel Universes - 2 In our universe, we can feel and observe the effects of gravity from other parallel universes But we cannot see and cannot touch those matters (dark matters) that reside on other parallel universes We cannot feel and cannot observe the effects of other forces in other universes, except gravity.

41. Gravity Hills 41 Inter-Universe Coupling Gravity If dark matters exist on other parallel universes and play key roles in formation of galaxy clusters, galaxies and stars in our universe This means parallel universes are not totally independent of each other Parallel universes are strongly coupled through the Inter-Universe Coupling Gravity

42. Gravity Hills 42 If We Accept: Concept of parallel universes Dark Matters are on other parallel universes Parallel universes are strongly coupled through Inter-Universe Coupling Gravity

43. Gravity Hills 43 Four Major Puzzles at the Frontier of Modern Science Gravity Hills Dark Matter Dark Energy Dark Flow

44. Gravity Hills 44 All Four Major Puzzles at the Frontier of Modern Science Can be explained by the plain old gravity, that is the Inter-Universe Coupling Gravity as explained in the companion PowerPoint Charts entitled “Dark Energy and Dark Flow” and my web page at: http://www.shltrip.com/Magnetic_Hill.html

45. Gravity Hills 45