1. Hierarchical Control Framework for Hybrid Simulation Dorian Tung Research Supervisor: Dr. Tony T.Y. Yang Co-authors: Yuanjie (YJ) Li & Jian Yuan (Jason) Lin MASc | Queen’s University, Canada (2002) Ph.D. Candidate | The University of British Columbia, Canada (2011 - Present) The 5 th Tongji-UBC Symposium on Earthquake Engineering “Facing Earthquake Challenges Together” May 4-8 2015, Tongji University, Shanghai, China

2. What is “Hierarchical Control”? 2 Wikipedia: Command signals to be achieved flow down the hierarchical tree from superiors to subordinates, whereas command results flow up the tree from subordinates to superiors. In simple terms: This is how the human body works. Brain = High-level controller Rest of body = Low-level controller

3. 3 What is “Hybrid Simulation”? Sample Structure Experimental Sub-assembly Analytical Sub-assembly Analytical Simulation Experimental Sub-assembly Analytical Sub-assembly Advantages: Avoid modeling difficulties especially in new systems. Avoid full-structure tests. Test structures under quasi-static. Test structures to extreme states. Share laboratory resources.

4. 4 Hierarchical Control + Hybrid Simulation High-level Controller Analytical Simulation force displacement force displacement Analytical Sub-assembly Low-level Controller Laboratory Experimental Sub-assembly force displacement Analytical Simulation Experimental Sub-assembly Analytical Sub-assembly

5. 5 UBC & CSU Collaboration 8 Days, 9 Piers, 18 Simulations

6. 6 Hierarchical Control + Hybrid Simulation High-level Controller Analytical Simulation displacement or force Analytical Sub-assembly Low-level Controller Laboratory Experimental Sub-assembly displacement or force Analytical Simulation Experimental Sub-assembly Analytical Sub-assembly

7. 7 Estimated yield force Switch-controlled Hybrid Simulation Estimated yield force Force control Displacement control Force Displacement Yielding Sample Structure

8. Thank you! 8 Certificate of Structural Engineering Program