1. “If we see that Germany is winning we ought to help Russia. And if Russia is winning we ought to help Germany, and that way let them kill as many as possible. Though, I don’t want Hitler to win under any circumstances.” Senator Harry Truman Missouri

3. 1942 High casualties Severe weather Oil fields of the South Soviets bought time, hold out until winter. Fighting street by street The Germans had a name for this - Rattenkrieg - War of the Rats.

4. “No longer feared death, hell could not be any worse.” Starvation-malnutrition Gen. Von Paulus made a Field Marshal by Hitler 600,000 Germans captured, 5,000 survive. A Red Army soldier that was frozen to death after sadistic tortures in the ruined city.

5. "My hands are done for, and have been ever since the beginning of December. The little finger of my left hand is missing and - what's even worse - the three middle fingers of my right one are frozen. I can only hold my mug with my thumb and little finger. I'm pretty helpless; only when a man has lost any fingers does he see how much he needs them for the smallest jobs. The best thing I can do with the little finger is to shoot with it. My hands are finished." Anonymous German soldier

7. Saved the oil fields from Hitler Kept Soviets in the war Weakened Germany Hitler myth broken Hitler’s Generals lost confidence in him.