1. NEESR-VTC RPI Centrifuge Calibration Da Ha Sept. 26, 2005

2. Dummy Pipe Setup (Not to scale) 1A 2A 3A 1B 2B 3B Strain Gages 1B 2B 3B 1A 2A 3A Ideal Shape: Real Shape( Exaggerated):

3. Step Loading Tension Test Loading: 1kg, 2kg, 4kg and 6kg

5. Tension Test: Pre-existing curvature effects recorded strain Gages with pre-existing tension creep Will use load- strain data to calculate E

6. Cantilever Test #1 Loading Sequence: 224g, 424 g, 224g and 0g 3B 2B 1B 3A 2A 1A Load 32.75” 4”28.75”

11. Cantilever Test #1: Inelastic behavior at moderate strain of 0.4%- non-zero strain after loads removed Axial strain, although small, not consistent with geometry of load. Modulus in tension different than modulus in compression?

12. Cantilever Test #2 Loading: 124g, 224g and 324g 1A 2A 3A 1B 2B 3B Load 32.75” 4”28.75”

19. Tension Test w/ Splitbox No Soil 1G Test Peak Displacement= 1.1cm

22. Expected Strain

24. No Soil Splitbox Test: Difference between measured and expected strain may be due to compliance of end connecters at box wall. Small bending strain likely due to pre- existing curvature

25. Centrifuge Dummy Test @12.2g 6 Strain Gages, 1 malfunctioned at beginning and another malfunctioned @3.2% strain

29. Dummy Pipe Setup (Not to scale) 1A 2A 3A 1B 2B 3B Strain Gages Malfunctioned

31. Centrifuge Dummy Test: End connection acting like pin Due to strain gage malfunction cannot calculate axial and bending strains

32. After Test Check: Soil Unit Weight = 13.0 kN/m 3 =>  = 33 o Expected Unit Weight = 14.4 kN/m 3 =>  = 37 o Water Content = 3.0% Expected Water Content= 4.0%

33. Photos from Dummy Test