1. A New Economy 9.1

2. The Market Revolution Between 1800-1850 the US experienced big economic changes. Changes were the result of improvements in transportation & communications.

3. Limits of Transportation In 1800 it took 50 days to travel from Cincinnati to NYC. Traveling 30 miles west took the same time as traveling to England.

4. Roads Toll roads or “turnpikes” were privately owned. National Road/ Cumberland Road –Ran from MD to IL

5. Steamboats 1807 R. Fulton created 1 st commercially successful steamboat Clermont It traveled up and down the Hudson River.

6. Canals 1825 the Erie Canal was finished –(363 mile) –Goods could travel from NYC to Great Lakes in less than 10 days. By 1837 the Atlantic economy was connected to the OH & MS Valley. East and West are now one.

10. Railroads In 1828 the B&O RR became the 1 st commercially successful railroad. By 1860 there were 30,000 miles of line around the country Railroads fueled the coal & iron industries.

12. Telegraph Invented by Samuel Morse in 1830’s. Signals travel over electric wires. By 1860 50,000 miles of lines tie nation together.

14. Results The west was opened to more settlement & business. Transportation costs lowered. Communication became instant and available over a long distance. Western farmers were now connected to eastern markets.

15. Westward Expansion Between 1790-1840 4.5M people moved west. By 1820 US added 6 new states (IN, IL, MO, AL, MS, ME) Settlement Patterns –New England, Upper South, Lower South Old Northwest & Old Southwest By 1850 OH was the 3 rd most populated state. Jackson & Clay are representatives of the new western spirit.

19. Cotton Kingdom Grown in the Deep South (GA, AL, MS, TN) NE textile mills increase the demand for cotton. In 1793 Eli Whitney invented the Cotton Gin. –Time and labor saving invention. Cotton Gin made large scale cotton production possible. Expansion of cotton industry led to the expansion of slavery. Slave trade will move from the East to the West. Poor white left with “hill country & pine woods”.

21. King Cotton In 1793 5M lbs of cotton were produced By 1820 170M lbs of cotton was being produced. Plantation cotton growing, not yeomen grain farming was becoming the foundation of our empire of liberty. –Corruption of Jefferson’s ideal.