1. DISASTER MANAGEMENT AND MITIGATIONBy
G. PRAVEEN KUMAR
&
P. PANDEESWARAN
3RD CIVIL ENGINEERING,
DR. MAHALINGAM COLLEGE OF ENGG., AND TECH.,
POLLACHI-03

2. SYNOPSIS INTRODUCTION METHODS METHODOLOGIES RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
CONCLUSION
REFERENCES

3. INTRODUCTION Disaster management
Climate hazards within overall context of disaster management
Statutory responsibility of state governments
Central government provides logistic and financial support
Elaborate response mechanism at national level
State level responses vary
National coordinating body: National Disaster Management Cell (NDMC)

4. Disaster Risk Management
Disaster management can be defined as the effective organization, direction and utilization of available counter-disaster resources
The modern view is that there must be pre-disaster mitigation measures to avoid or reduce impact of disasters.
Pre-disaster measures to prevent or mitigate disasters are called Risk Management.

5. Hazard Vulnerability in India
60%
16%
12% 3% 8%

6. Vulnerability Scenario In The Future
Migration of rural population to urban will demand more economic activities for creating more employment
Create in scarcity of inhabitable land,value appreciation of available land,value depreciation of land in hazard prone areas
High demand for infrastructure development
Create in an un-affordability of quality construction
Will lead to likelihood of high damages and losses

7. Human Alteration Of The Natural Land Features
It may be contributing to hazards that are more intense and frequent by disrupting the balance of nature.
This slide, shows a diagram of runoff in an area with natural land features that help to reduce the destructive effects of flooding.

8. Human Alteration Of The Natural Land Features

9. Human Impact on the Environment
Many benefits of a natural landscape are lost or modified as
development takes place.

10. Negative Consequences of Development
Migration of population to cities
Densely populated Communities
More people living on marginal lands
Greater unplanned settlements due to land scarcity
High risk due to natural and manmade Hazards

11. Results due to high exposure of Infrastructure
Increased vulnerability to Primary hazards such as earthquakes, floods,cyclones etc.
Potential high impact due to secondary hazards like urban fire, technological and other accidents etc
High environmental problems and inconvenience to urban populations
More control measures to save facilities,innovative design options are needed

12. What is Management?
Management consists of decision-making activities undertaken by one or more individuals to direct and coordinate the activities of other people in order to achieve results, which could not be accomplished by any one person acting alone.
Management is required when two or more persons combine their efforts and resources to accomplish a goal, which neither can accomplish alone.

13. What is disaster risk management?
Disaster risk management includes administrative decisions and operational activities that involve
• Prevention
• Mitigation
• Preparedness
• Response
• Recovery and
• Rehabilitation
Disaster risk management involves all levels of government.
Non-governmental and community-based organizations play a vital role in the process.

14. Disaster Management cycle
Disaster Risk Management

15. METHODS Risk Management Process
Risk management has three components.
– Risk identification
– Risk reduction
– Risk transfer

16. Risk Identification
Risk identification has to be done through mapping and using other available technological options.
It is usual to allocate risk management to a special body at national level.
Usually it is a National Disaster Management Organization (NDMO) at national level.

17. Risk Reduction
Effective risk reduction involves mitigation measures in hazard prone areas.
It may also involve overcoming the socioeconomic, institutional and political barriers
to the adoption of effective risk reduction strategies

18. Risk Transfer
Effective risk transfer involves different tools such as insurance,tax policies,special measures focused on land management.
Organizational structure,policies,legislation etc. is required for effective implementation of risk transfer strategies for a country or localgovernment area.

19. METHODOLOGIES Pre Disaster Preparedness In Thrust Areas
Emergency Operation Centres
Multi-purpose Cyclone Shelters
Coastal Shelterbelt Plantation
National Disaster Information System
Early Warning System
Mapping

20. Areas of Concern
Activating an Early Warning System network and its close monitoring
Mechanisms for integrating the scientific, technological and administrative agencies for effective disaster management
Terrestrial communication links which collapse in the event of a rapid onset disaster
Vulnerability of critical to disaster events

21. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Care After Disaster
Restoration of Basic Facilities
Relief & Reconstruction
Economic Rehabilitation
Psycho-social Rehabilitation
Community Mental Health
Scientific Damage Assessment

22. During Disaster Emergency search & rescue
Disposal of dead bodies and Carcass
Ex-gratia announcement
Immediate relief
Mobile Hospitals

23. Precautions on Disaster Management
Encourage and consolidate knowledge networks
Mobilise and train disaster volunteers for more effective preparedness, mitigation.
Increased capacity building leads to faster vulnerability reduction.
Learn from best practices in disaster preparedness, mitigation and disaster response

24. GOVERNMENT OF INDIA : NODAL MINISTRIES / DEPARTMENT FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT
DISASTERS NODAL MINISTRIES
Natural Disasters Agriculture Air Accidents Civil Aviation Civil Strife Home Affairs Railway Accidents Railways Chemical Disasters Environment Biological Disasters Health & family Welfare Nuclear Accident Atomic Energy

25. CONCLUSION How To PREVENT disasters?
Understand behavior of hazards
Reduce Vulnerabilities
Reduce the possibility for exposure
Increase / Improve Readiness (Capacity, Capability, Efficiency, Effectiveness)
Mitigate the impact of hazards

26. PREVENTION
Objective is to achieve sustainability in development process.
Series of interconnected initiatives at all levels at all times
Implemented by multidisciplinary team working with the community with many vulnerabilities to hazards through a mutually agreed planning process
Call for an attitudinal change in managing risk.

27. REFERENCE http://www.ndmindia.nic.in/
Disaster Risk management by N.M.S.I. Arambepola, Asian Urban Disaster Mitigation Program
Disaster management in India by Anand Patwardhan IIT-Bombay
Disaster Management - Perspective Planning – GOI Initiatives by M. Madhavan Nambiar