1. ROOT Types of Roots Taproot (Kazık kök) develops from primary root
it’s fleshy and thick
ex: dandelion (karahindiba)
carrot, turnip, oak tree

2. ROOT Types of Roots 2. Fibrous root (saçak kök)
there is a primary root, but there are lots of secondary roots.
the size of secondary roots are equal to primary root
ex: grass, corn

4. ROOT Types of Roots 3. Adventitious roots (Ek kökler)
these roots are not developed from primary or secondary roots.
they are formed on the stem and leaves.
There are three types:
a) Climbing root:
developed from stem
fastens plant to a
solid support
c) Aerial roots:
Some plants that live on other plants get moisture by using aerial roots
ex: Spanish mosses
b) Prop root:
developed form stem
gives support to plant under unfavorable conditions.
ex: corn

5. ROOT
a) Climbing root

6. ROOT
b)Prop root

7. ROOT
c) Aerial root

9. Root Growth

10. Root tip
Maturation zone: Root hairs are found on this zone and cells are differentiated that means unspecialized cells become specialized.
Elongation zone: Cells which are produced in meristematic zone are elongated in this zone.
Meristematic zone: Meristematic cells are found in this region, they are actively dividing cells and provide growth in length.
Root cap: they are group of cells that protects the delicate meristematic cells. During the growth of the root in soil, they are crushed and release a lubricant which help the root move easily in the soil.

12. Internal Structure of a Root

13. Internal Structure of a Root
Root hairs: They increase the surface area for absorbtion of water
Epidermis: One cell thick, outermost layer of root, there is no cuticle on it and it absorbs water and minerals.
Cortex: It is the storage place of the root. It is composed of parenchyma cells. These cells store starch and they conduct water and nutrients dissolved in water to transport tissue.

14. Internal Structure of a Root

15. Internal Structure of a Root
Pericycle: It is made up of parenchyma cells. Secondary roots are originated from this layer.
Endodermis: Controls the passage of water to transport tissue.
Vascular bundle: It is composed of xylem and phloem tubes.
*** In dicot, woody plants between xylem and phloem there is vascular cambium. It adds new xylem and phloem when the root is grown.