1. Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory Energy Systems Research & Testing Activities at INEEL Greg Mines March 2003

2. Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory Energy Systems Research & Testing Objective: Develop technologies that increase economic viability of power generation Research oriented towards –increasing component & process efficiency –decreasing capital and operating costs Surface conversion equipment and processes Aligned with DOE’s programmatic goal of reducing the levelized cost of power

3. Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory Increasing Conversion Efficiency Importance: Large quantities of fluid Cost/value associated with fluid Impact: More equipment intensive Plant $/kW may not decrease significantly Total project $/kW will decrease Cost of power will decrease

4. Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory Current INEEL Research Tasks Enhanced Air Cooled Condenser Performance NCG Removal from Binary Plants Steam Quality Monitor Thermal Spray Coatings – Internal Surfaces On-line Bio-film Monitor Natural H 2 S Abatement - Microbial Sulfur Oxidation Development of Power Plant Costs Improving Existing Plant Performance

5. Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory Enhance Air-Cooled Condenser Performance Binary plant air-cooled condensers –Installed: 20-35% of plant cost INEEL investigating use of vortex generators Bench scale test results –30-40% higher air heat transfer coefficients –expect 10-20% higher “U” – same fan power CRADA agreement – McElroy Manufacturing Initiate field test of prototype - 2005

6. Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory Non-Condensable Gas Removal – Binary Plants NCG’s not associated with binary plants –accumulate in condenser –reach threshold - operators vent Membrane separation process for continuous removal: –1% ncg level –increase power by 2 – 4% –WF emissions <100 lb annually Field testing underway (SBGeo, Mammoth) Collaborate with Membrane Technology Research Complete extended field testing - 2004

7. Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory INEEL ESR&T Funding Year Funding FY-98$ 787K FY-99$1,157K FY-00$1,274K FY-01$1,340K FY-02$1,195K FY-03$1,059K

8. Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory Technology Transfer Meet on regular basis with industry Results are reported and presented at industry attended meetings (GRC, ASME) Where appropriate pursue intellectual properties –patents –licenses for technologies

9. Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory Accomplishments Increased conversion efficiency (power output) –2 to 4% with continuous ncg removal –up to 8% with mitigation of off-design operation –2 to 5% with improved air–cooled condenser design In-plant validation of improved process monitors –steam quality and hydrogen sulfide (ppm) –bio-film monitors

10. Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory Accomplishments (cont’d) Decreased costs –decreased capital cost associated with 10-20% increase in air-cooled condenser performance –CRADA to develop “tooling” for condenser modifications –developed method of applying thermal spray coatings to internal surfaces (pipes, valves); <50% cost of exotic materials

11. Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory Future Commercial ncg removal technology - 2004 Bio-film monitors incorporated into plant - 2004 Field test of prototype condenser - 2006 Tooling commercially available to fabricate condenser tubes with fin enhancements - 2006 ASTM specification for applying thermal spray coatings - 2006 Continuous H 2 S and HCl (ppb) monitors - 2007