1. Technological Innovation: Proposal for Adoption Web 2.0 Storyboard

2. How Has Teaching and Learning Changed? 19 th Century20 th Century21 st Century Teaching StyleLecture P2P collaboration CurriculumBooks, blackboardTextbooksCommunity- generated content LocationOne-room schoolhouse ClassroomsAnywhere InteractionQ&ALabsSelf-directed exploration, teamwork ObjectiveSurvivalEmploymentLifelong learning skills ToolsBlackboardLabsPersonal devices Result“Book learning”Memorized facts and information Adaptation, growth (Rogers, Liddle, Chan, Doxey, Isom, 2007)

3. What is Web 2.0? read/write web blogs wikis social networking about making connections (Anderson, 2007)

4. When? second version of Web around 2006 (Anderson, 2006) no clear development timeline

5. History of Blogs YearEvent 1994First blog created 1997“logging the Web” called “Weblog” 1999Weblog shortened to blog 1999Blogger provides first free blog service 2002Blogads – first blog advertising 2003AdSense – advertising matched to blog content 2004“blog”= Merriam-Webster’s Word of the Year 200532 million Americans read blogs Thompson, C. (2006, February 12). The early years. New York. Retrieved from http://nymag.com/news/media/15971/

6. History of Wikis DateEvent 1994First wiki 2001Wikipedia launched; Wikis introduced to general public 2005Wikispaces and PBWorks launched 2007Wikipedia one of ten most popular websites 2007Wiki added to Oxford English Dictionary Wikipedia. (2011, October 2). History of wikis. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_wikis

7. History of Social Networking DateEvent 1997First social networking site - SixDegrees 1997-2001First wave of social networking sites 2001Ryze – business network 2003LinkedIn, MySpace 2004Flickr, Facebook 2005YouTube, Facebook expanded beyond Harvard University 2006Twitter Boyd, D.M. & Ellison, N.B. (2007). Social network sites: definition, history and scholarship. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13(1).

8. Adoption of Web 2.0 Innovations Use of Innovations Time 19941996199820002002200420062008 SixDegrees Ryze LinkedIn MySpace Facebook YouTube Twitter first blogs and wikis Wikipedia Wikispaces PBWorks Wikipedia one of 10 most popular sites Blogger 32 million Americans read blogs

9. Adoption of Web 2.0 McAfee, Inc.

10. Why Web 2.0? allows students to be both learner and teacher (Rogers, Liddle, Chan, Doxey, Isom, 2007)

11. Innovation-Diffusion Process: Need In order to prepare students for 21 st century careers, schools need to use 21 st century technologies (Byrne, 2009). Second generation technologies like wikis, blogs, podcasts, and vlogs allow teachers to increase collaboration in an online setting (Beldarrain, 2009).

12. “Well-chosen technology resources infused into classroom instruction can create more engaged and better students” (Byrne, 2009, p. 51). Increased Engagement Increased Efficiency Increased Motivation to Learn Deeper Understanding of Content and How to Learn

13. Innovation-Diffusion Process: Research Developers base improvements on feedback of users.

14. Innovation-Diffusion Process: Development Different methods of development used for different applications and sites. Release early and often method uses customer collaboration to improve product. Product is released to a group that gives feedback, which is used to make improvements (Vossen & Hagemann, 2007).

15. Innovation-Diffusion Process: Commercialization Web 2.0 tools can be found through web searches. Resources are shared through word of mouth.

16. Early Adopters Who? – Teachers already using technology – Technology leaders (TECH mentors) – Teachers with ready access to technology (computers/Internet) Strategies to Convince – Easy to use – Can be used on experimental basis

17. Later Adopters Who? – Teachers set in their ways – Teacher not open to change until they see benefits for themselves – Less technologically savvy individuals Strategies to Convince – Can be used on experimental basis – can be used as frequently/infrequently as comfortable

18. How to Meet Critical Mass? Trialability – Web 2.0 provides a variety of different tools with endless possibilities for use and integration. Teachers can explore and try the tools they feel will be most beneficial. Since many of the tools are free, they can use them as much or as little as they would like.

19. Relative Advantage – Using Web 2.0 for students to create products and discuss concepts and learning can lead to higher level thinking and a deeper understanding of content. The tools may help make learning relevant to students.

20. Complexity – Web 2.0 tools are generally easy to use. Teachers less comfortable with technology may stick to easier tools initially.

21. Centralized or Decentralized Approach? Centralized: key decisions made by top officials; individual is passive adopter Decentralized: adoption moves from operational level horizontally; lots of reinvention; shared decision making (Rogers, 2003)

22. Centralized or Decentralized Approach? A decentralized approach to the adoption of Web 2.0 technologies will be best. Teachers can adopt on an individual basis. They can reinvent as they see best and share their success with their peer network. This will encourage more rapid diffusion than a top- down approach.

23. Key Change Agents TEC mentors ITEC teachers

24. Roles of Change Agents Roles (Rogers, 2003): – Develop a need for Web 2.0 by showing teachers how they can be used to enhance education and make learning more efficient. – Form information-exchange relationships with later adopters – Diagnose problems with adoption for later adopters to create smooth path for adoption

25. Critical Mass? Critical mass is “the point at which enough individuals in a system have adopted an innovation so that the innovation’s further rate of adoption becomes self-sustaining” (Rogers, 2003, p. 362). Currently, Web 2.0 technologies have not reached critical mass in the organization; however, several innovators and early adopters have adopted Web 2.0 technologies.

26. What’s Next “We're preparing kids for jobs that don't yet exist using technologies we haven't yet invented” (Time Magazine US, 2009).

27. Strategy to Meet Critical Mass? Create belief that innovation is inevitable (Rogers, 2003) Target highly respected technology leaders for adoption (Rogers, 2003)

28. Education is always looking for the next best thing. Web 2.0 technologies encourage collaboration, critical thinking, and deeper understanding of content. They help students develop the skills they will need as adults. Web 2.0 technologies are key to preparing students for their future.

29. References Anderson, P. (2007). What is web 2.0?: Ideas, technologies, and implications for education. In JISC Technology and Standards Watch. Beldarrain, Y. (2006). Distance education trends: Integrating new technologies to foster student interaction and collaboration. Distance Education, 27(2), 139-153. doi:10.1080/01587910600789498 Byrne, R. (2009). The Effect of Web 2.0 on Teaching and Learning. Teacher Librarian, 37(2), 50-53. Retrieved from EBSCOhost. McAfee, Inc. (2010). Web 2.0 a complex balancing act: The first global study on web 2.0 usage, risks and best practices. Retrieved from www.mcafee.com/us/resources/reports/rp-first-global-study-web-2.0-usage.pdf Rogers, E. M. (2003). Diffusion of innovations (5th ed.). New York, NY: Free Press. Rogers, P., Liddle, S. W., Chan, P., Doxey, A., & Isom, B. (2007). Web 2.0 Learning Platform: Harnessing Collective Intelligence. Online Submission, Retrieved from EBSCOhost. Time Magazine US. (2009, 21 Sept.). What college students don’t know. Retrieved from http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1921587-1,00.htmlhttp://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1921587-1,00.html Vossen, G. & Hagemann, S. Unleashing web 2.0: From concepts to creativity. (2007). New York: Elsevier, Inc.