1. Media System Change and the Conditions for Journalistic Professionalism

2. Elements of Professionalization  Autonomy

3. Elements of Professionalization  Autonomy  Consensus on ethics and standards of practice

5. Elements of Professionalization  Autonomy  Consensus on ethics and standards of practice distinct to the profession Similar to concept of “field autonomy” in Bourdieu’s sociology

6. Elements of Professionalization  Autonomy  Consensus on ethics and standards of practice distinct to the profession  Ideology of public service

7. Elements of Professionalization  Autonomy  Consensus on ethics and standards of practice distinct to the profession  Ideology of public service Shift from “Libertarian” to “Social Responsibility” Theory of the Press

8. Conditions for Professionalization: U.S. Case  Strong development of media markets

9. Conditions for Professionalization: U.S. Case  Strong development of media markets  Relative insulation from market mechanisms

11. “Separation of Church and State” Separation of Business and Editorial Sides of Newspaper Separation of Opinion and News

12. Conditions for Professionalization: U.S. Case  Strong development of media markets  Relative insulation from market mechanisms  Consensus, “moderate pluralism”

13. Conditions for Professionalization: U.S. Case  Strong development of media markets  Relative insulation from market mechanisms  Consensus, “moderate pluralism”  Development of rational-legal authority

14. Conditions for Professionalization: U.S. Case  Strong development of media markets  Relative insulation from market mechanisms  Consensus, “moderate pluralism”  Development of rational-legal authority  Relative centralization of media

15. Other Contexts for The Development of Journalistic Professionalism  Northern European Press

16. Other Contexts for The Development of Journalistic Professionalism  Northern European Press Differences: Coexistence of Commercial and Party Press, less emphasis of “objectivity norm”

17. Other Contexts for The Development of Journalistic Professionalism  Northern European Press  Public Service Broadcasting

18. Other Contexts for The Development of Journalistic Professionalism  Northern European Press  Public Service Broadcasting Political structures connected with rational-legal authority are crucial

19. Other Contexts for The Development of Journalistic Professionalism  Northern European Press  Public Service Broadcasting  Communist systems?

20. Concluding Comments  Journalistic professionalism depends on structural conditions; it cannot be transferred or created in just any context

21. Concluding Comments  Journalistic professionalism depends on structural conditions  These contexts—and the forms of journalistic professionalism--vary

22. Concluding Comments  Journalistic professionalism depends on structural conditions  These contexts—and the forms of journalistic professionalism—vary  These contexts are historical—media systems change