2. 定语从句中关系词及介词的 选择 定语从句中关系词及介词的 选择

3. Revision believe in, in trouble, as a matter of fact, out of work… 1. Mike didn’t obey the rules of the company so now he’s __________. 2. He stole several cars and now he is _________. 3. He always __________ us so you shouldn’t have told him a lie. 4. ________________ I don’t know the person who spoke to me just now. 5. He has all the _________ ( 品质） of a successful businessman. 6.When the actors played on the ______( 舞台）,the audiences sat in their seats and watched quietly. 7. Black people are born e______ to the whites so they should share the same rights as them. in trouble out of work believed in As a matter of fact qualities stage equal

4. 定语从句中的关系副词 ： when, where, why

5. 关系副词 when 之追根溯源 Do you remember the day? He was born on that day. Do you remember the day ____________ he was born on. Do you remember the day on_______ he was born. Do you remember the day _______ he was born. (that/which/) which when

6. This is the factory. I worked in the factory ten years ago. This is the factory _________ I worked in ten years ago. This is the factory in ______ I worked ten years ago. This is the factory ______ I worked ten years ago. 关系副词 where 之追根溯源 (which/that) which where

7. 关系副词 why 之追根溯源 You are late for that reason. I can’t accept it. I can’t accept the reason __________ you are late for. I can’t accept the reason for _____ you are late. I can’t accept the reason ______ you are late. (that/which) which why

8. why(= for which) where (= at / in /on 等 介词 + which) when(=at / in/ on 等介 词 + which) Function in the clause ( 在定从中的 作用 ) Antecedent ( 先行词 ) The relative adverb ( 关系副词） 表示时间 的名词 时间状语 表示地点 的名词 地点状语 表示原因 的名词 原因状语 关系副词小结

9. 1. when 引导的定语从句修饰表 示时间的名词, 常见的先行词有 : the day, a time, the hours 等 Mr. Black would never forget the day (=on which) when he joined the army. I thought of my childhood when(=during which) I played happily in the countryside. 关系副词小结

10. 2. where 引导的定语从句修饰表示地点的名词, 常见的先行词有 : the place, the school, the village 等, 特别注意还有 : position, stage, point, direction, scene, situation （情况）, case 等 The park where (=in which) we took a picnic yesterday is to the east of the city. …we have reached a stage where(=at/in which) we have almost no rights at all.( 课文原句 ) We were put into a position in which(=where) we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government. ( 课文原句 ) 关系副词小结

11. 3. 关系副词 why 引导定语从句，先行词 是表示原因、理由的名词，通常是 reason The reason why(=for which) he said that is quite clear. 关系副词小结

12. Returning to the text 1. The time _______ I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. 2. The school _______ I studied for only two years was three kilometres away. 3. However, this was a time _______ one has got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg. 4. The day _______ Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest. 5. The parts of town ________________they had to live were decided by white people. 6. The places outside the towns _______ they were sent to live were the poorest parts of South Africa. when where when in which(=where) where

13. 拓展一 定语从句引导词的选择 关系副词 ? 关系代词 ? 当表示时间、地点、原因的名词作先行词，如果 相应的关系词在定语从句中不做状语，而是充当 主语或宾语时，不用 when ， where ， why 引导定语 从句，而用 which 或 that In the years that followed ， Marx kept on studying English and using it. This is the school which was set up 10 years ago. Do you believe the reason that he gave?

14. Have a try 指出关系代词（副词）在定语从句中的成份： 1.The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang. ( ) 2.The girl (whom) I met is Lucy. ( ) 3.A child whose parents are dead is called Tom. ( ) 4.I like the book (which) you bought yesterday. ( ) 主语 宾语 定语 宾语

15. Have a try 5. His parents wouldn ’ t let him marry anyone whose family was poor. ( ) 6. I like the person to whom you just talked. ( ) 7. We shall never forget the days (that) we spent together. ( ) 8. We shall never forget the days when we lived together. ( ) 定语 介宾 宾语 状语 in which

16. 1.The place _________ interested me most was the Children's Palace. A. which B. where C. what D. in which 2.This is the hotel _______ last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed 3.Do you know the year ______ the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A. which B. that C. when D. on which 4.That is the day ______ I'll never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when 5.I can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent together. A. when; which B. which; when C. what; that D. on which; when A D C A A

17. 6.The factory ______ we'll visit next week is not far from here. A. where B. to which C. which D. in which 7.Great changes have taken place since then( 从此以后 ) in the factory _______we are working. A. where B. that C. which D. there 8.This is the reason ______he didn't come to the meeting. A. in which B. with which C. that D. for which 9. Do you know the reason ________ she was late? A. which B. why C. in which D. for that C A D B

18. 1.They’ll never forget July 1. Hong Kong returned to its motherland on July 1. They’ll never forget July 1 when Hong Kong returned to its motherland. 2.The days are gone forever. We used foreign oil during those days. The days when we used foreign oil are gone forever. 关系副词之即学即练

19. 3.There was a time. The businessman lost heart at that time. There was a time when the businessman lost heart. 4.We visited the house. Lusun once lived in the house. We visited the house where Lusun once lived. 5.Harvard is a world-famous university. There Wang An got his Doctor’s degree Harvard is a world-famous university where Wang An got his Doctor degree.

20. 6.The school is near a park. My son studies in this school. The school where my son studies is near a park. 7. I’ll consider the reason. The reason sounds reasonable. I’ll consider the reason which sounds reasonable. 8. They are absent for this reason. Is that the only reason? Is that the only reason why they are absent?

21. 拓展二 关系代词前介词的确定

22. 介词 + 关系代词 e.g. 1. In the dark street, there wasn ’ t a single person ____________ she could turn for help. A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom 2. He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows, most of ________ hadn ’ t been cleaned for at least a year. A. these B. those C. that D. which D D

23. 关系代词前介词的确定 1. 根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请体会： e.g. Is that the newspaper for which you often write articles? 2. 根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配，如： e.g. Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about which I ’ m sure? 3. 根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，请体会： e.g. 1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. was founded.

24. 关系代词前介词的确定 4. 非限制性定语从句中，要表示先行 词的一部分时，可用 “ 数词 / 代词 + of + 关系代词 ” 的结构，如： e.g. There are 50 students in our class, two- thirds of whom have been to Beijing.

25. 关系代词前的介词的确定 5. Whose 从句可转换为 “ of + 关系代词 ” 型， 如： e.g. They live in a house, whose door opens to the south. They lived in a house, of which the door opens to the south. They lived in a house, the door of which open to the south.

26. Can you work them out? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Fill in the blanks with proper prepositions: 1. The sun gives us heat and light, ________ which we can ’ t live. 2. The student ________ whom we were talking just now is the best student in our class. 3. I ’ ll never forget the day _____ which she said good-bye to me. 4. Who can give me the reason ______ which he hasn ’ t turned up yet? for about on without

27. Homework: