1. RESCOM A/S (now part of Ericsson, Denmark) acted as consultants in connection with the specification and testing of some of Ørsted's communications units. Scandinavian Airline System sponsored the project by providing transportation of the satellite, testing equipment and testing personnel, to Los Angeles and back, in connection with the launch. Technical University of Denmark Ørsted. DTU has developed one of the magnetic measuring instruments, the vector magnetometer. The Department, together with the former Engineering Academy of Denmark, has designed and constructed Ørsted's star camera. In addition Ørsted. DTU is responsible for design, construction, testing and control measurements of Ørsted’s an- tennas. Department of Manufacturing, Engineering and Management has collaborated with the Ørsted. DTU on the mechanical design of the vector magnetometer and the star camera.. TERMA has handled project management and coordination of the technical aspects of the whole project. Good planning, documentation and management are all required for making more than one hundred researchers, engineers, computer scientists and technicians, who are spread all over the country (and also in foreign countries), „speak the same language". TERMA which is the largest aerospace company in Denmark, has also produced the two on ‑ board computers, the complex power supply system and has provided the advanced on ‑ board software for controlling and monitoring of the satellite. TERMA has also developed the various hardware and software sys- tems comprising the entire satellite testing equipment and the Ørsted control center which they are still operating. TICRA assisted Ørsted. DTU with the design of Ørsted's antennae. Per Udsen Co (now part of TERMA) has been in charge of the design, analyses and construction of the satellite structure. The satellite structure comprises the bearing structural parts, the electronics boxes and the 8 ‑ meter long boom, which is designed to measure no more than 40 cm (15.7 inches) in furled condition. At the same time it is able to withstand extreme conditions during launch. The boom has likewise been designed to be able to withstand environmental effects of the oxidizing atomic oxygen, X ‑ rays and ultraviolet radiation in space. Per Udsen Co was also responsible for development and construction of the mechanisms which allow the boom to be released once the Ørsted sa- tellite was placed in orbit. University of Copenhagen Department of Geophysics at the Niels Bohr Institute suggested the Ørsted mission in 1991 as a continuation of the Department's analyses of the magnetic field ori- ginating in the Earth's interior. The Department of Geophysics has developed high precision methods for test- ing and calibrating the vector magnetometer and the star camera. The Department of Geophysics is in charge of model studies for the magnetic field of the Earth's interior (the „dynamo").. International partners ESA has funded parts of the project through the PRODEX-programme and has rendered support in connection with the designing of the receiving stations, the control centre and the scientific data centre. NASA has paid for the launch aboard a Delta rocket and for the modifications of the rocket necessary to make room for Ørsted. In return, NASA has been given access to the scientific data on equal terms with the Danish research- ers. JPL, NASA has supplied the TurboRouge precision GPS receiver included in Østed’s payload. CNES has been in charge of development and funding of the Overhauser Magnetometer supplied from Leti. The Ørsted Satellite a unique Danish and international collaboration A unique collaboration, unparallelled in Denmark, lies behind the design, construction, testing and launching of the Ørsted satellite. Typically, it takes between 10 and 20 years, from the conception of the idea, until a satellite can be launched. But for Ørsted it took only 8 years. The first full parts assembly took place in January 1996, and launch was on 23 February 1999. Danish partners Aalborg University Department of Control Engineering is responsible for the part of Ørsted's software that stabilizes Ørsted in its orbit and controls its orientation in spa- ce. Moreover, the Department has developed a sun-sensor system which measures the direction towards the Sun. This prevents the star camera from looking directly at the Sun and maximizes the amount of sunlight striking the solar panels mounted on the satellite body. Department of Communication Technology is responsible for the design, construction and testing of the receiving station in Aalborg which acts as a backup sta- tion to the primary receiving station at the Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI). Copenhagen Optical Company has developed and constructed the extremely light ‑ sensitive lens for the star camera. In addition, COC has taken into account in their design the extreme temperature conditions and high level of radiation in space. The Danish Meteorological Institute takes care of the scientific management and coordination of the mission. DMI has established a Science Data Cen- ter which communicates the measurements from Ørsted to the project collaborators all over the world. The research team at DMI analyses the magnetic data for modelling of fields and currents in space. The results from the particle detector are used to determine the density and energy distribution of ions and electrons at Ørsted. DMI collects the observations from the TurboRogue GPS receiver for analysis of the ionospheric electron density. Furthermore, data from the GPS receiver are used for studies of the temperature and water vapour content of the troposphere for wea- ther and climate monitoring. Finally, DMI functions as main receiving station for Ørsted. The Danish Space Research Institute is responsible for the Ørsted satellite's main instrument, the vector magnetometer which is developed in collaboration with Ørsted. DTU. The DSRI participates in the scientific analysis of the satellite's data, particular with regard to the construction of models that describe the Earth's interior field. Engineering College of Copenhagen Electronic Department is responsible for the design, contruction and testing of the receiving station in Ballerup, which acts as a backup sta- tion for the primary receiving station at DMI. Innovision A/S is in charge of the design and testing of the batteries for Ørsted. Many special requirements had to be met: com- plete airtightness, high energy storage capacity, low weight, long life span and temperature stability. Furthermore, Innovision A/S has developed the electronics for Ørsted's attitude control system. has supplied important auxiliary tools to TERMA for their development of Ørsted’s software. DDC International A/S The Institute for Product Development has developed parts of the mechanical structure holding the vector magnetometer and the star camera. The Insti- stute for Product Development has also developed the diaphragm of the star camera. is the main sponsor of the satellite. In order to provide inspiration for the cooperation between research and indu- stry, the Ministry of Economic and Business Affairs is represented in the project's steering committee by the Da- nish Agency for Trade and Industry. Ministry of Economic and Business Affairs Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation and the Research Councils have co ‑ funded the development of instruments and the scientific utilization of data and measurements from the Ørsted satellite. The field of responsibility of the Ministry of Science, Technology and Inno- vation includes the Danish contribution to ESA and the operation of The Danish Space Research Institute. takes part in the Ørsted project via the Danish Meteorological Institute. The institute provides meteorological servi- ces for the Kingdom of Denmark ( consisting of Denmark, the Faroe Islands, and Greenland ). In support of this, space research and development tasks relating to weather and climate, are carried out. Ministry of Transport