1. Note Please watch this as a slide show as I took time to add some animations.

2. Animal Behavior (Camouflage) By: Abhipsa Ujwal Grade: 7

3. The act of concealing oneself from their predators or prey through colors, patterns and disguises that help them blend in with the background; also imitating other things such as stick or leaves that look like them.

5. Insects, and other Arthropods Insects, and other Arthropods Frogs Frogs Reptiles Reptiles Birds Birds Fish Fish Mammals Mammals

6. Examples of Birds that use Camouflage Snow Owl Night hawks California Quail Great Horned Owl Himalayan Snow-Cock Sparrows

9. Examples of Birds that use Camouflage Snow Owl Night hawks California Quail Great Horned Owl Himalayan Snow-Cock Sparrows

12. Insects, and other Arthropods Insects, and other Arthropods Frogs Frogs Reptiles Reptiles Birds Birds Fish Fish Mammals Mammals

13. Examples of Mammals that use Camouflage White-tail deerWhite-tail deer ZebraZebra GiraffeGiraffe LeopardLeopard TigerTiger

16. Examples of Mammals that use Camouflage White-tail deerWhite-tail deer ZebraZebra GiraffeGiraffe LeopardLeopard TigerTiger

19. Insects, and other Arthropods Insects, and other Arthropods Frogs Frogs Reptiles Reptiles Birds Birds Fish Fish Mammals Mammals

20. Examples of Arthropods that use Camouflage Leaf Katydid Leaf Katydid Thorn Bug Thorn Bug Walking Stick Walking Stick Grass Hopper Grass Hopper

21. Grasshoppers Type of Camouflage: Concealing Coloration Type of Camouflage: Concealing Coloration Colors: Greens or Browns and Yellows Colors: Greens or Browns and Yellows The grasshopper is an insect and are found in green fields, forests, dry or sandy places. The coloring of different species of grasshopper are often dependent on environment. Many species are green as they have adapted to green fields and forests, and blend in well there to avoid predators. Others have adapted to drier, sandy environments and blend in well with the colors of dry dirt and sand.

22. Egg: The life cycle of grasshoppers starts with the egg stage. By mid-summer, the female grasshopper lays the fertilized eggs either underneath the sand (about 1 - 2 inch depth) or among leaf litters. By spring or early summer when the temperature is warm, the eggs hatch into nymphs. Egg: The life cycle of grasshoppers starts with the egg stage. By mid-summer, the female grasshopper lays the fertilized eggs either underneath the sand (about 1 - 2 inch depth) or among leaf litters. By spring or early summer when the temperature is warm, the eggs hatch into nymphs. Grasshoppers: Life Cycle Nymph: Immediately after hatching, the young nymphs start feeding on soft and succulent plant foliage. Nymphs are miniature versions of adult grasshoppers, except that they are light in color and do not possess wings. The nymph stage may last for a period of 5 - 10 days, based on the species and the weather condition. Nymph: Immediately after hatching, the young nymphs start feeding on soft and succulent plant foliage. Nymphs are miniature versions of adult grasshoppers, except that they are light in color and do not possess wings. The nymph stage may last for a period of 5 - 10 days, based on the species and the weather condition. Adult: After 25 - 30 days, the wings are developed completely and the nymphs mature into adults. Thus, by the time, an egg matures into an adult, the grasshopper is about eleven months old. The adults survive for a span of about 30 days. As adults possess wings, they are more mobile than the nymphs, which benefit them in have hunting food and protecting from the predators. Adult: After 25 - 30 days, the wings are developed completely and the nymphs mature into adults. Thus, by the time, an egg matures into an adult, the grasshopper is about eleven months old. The adults survive for a span of about 30 days. As adults possess wings, they are more mobile than the nymphs, which benefit them in have hunting food and protecting from the predators. (However, it is observed that every stage of the grasshopper has some predators.)

23. Examples of Arthropods that use Camouflage Leaf Katydid Leaf Katydid Thorn Bug Thorn Bug Walking Stick Walking Stick Grass Hopper Grass Hopper

24. Walking Stick Type of Camouflage: Disguise Type of Camouflage: Disguise Colors: Greens, Greys, Tans or Browns Colors: Greens, Greys, Tans or Browns Walking stick insects live in a range of climates, from the tropics to the temperate, as long as they have forest, grasslands or other foliage to hide. Their stick shape and brown or green color makes it easy for them to blend into trees and other foliage to hide from predators.

25. Walking Stick: Life Cycle 1.The walking sticks life cycle is like the grasshoppers. 2.It starts of as an egg: females lay around 100 to 1300 eggs. 3.The eggs hatch in 3-18 months and the nymph is born. The nymphs look like the adults but smaller. 4.The nymphs molt and become adults in 3-12 months. 5.Their life span varies from 1-2 years.

26. Insects, and other Arthropods Insects, and other Arthropods Frogs Frogs Reptiles Reptiles Birds Birds Fish Fish Mammals Mammals

33. Insects, and other Arthropods Insects, and other Arthropods Frogs Frogs Reptiles Reptiles Birds Birds Fish Fish Mammals Mammals

35. Crocodile Type of Camouflage: Concealing/ Disruptive coloration Crocodiles are aquatic reptiles with acute senses that make them excellent predators. They inhabit in the large shallow bodies of freshwater or saltwater mostly in the warm, tropical regions of the earth. A superb night vision helps them to be nocturnal hunters. Crocodiles camouflage with the water. The water provides camouflage whilst it hunts for its prey such as frogs, fish, birds and mammals. Crocodiles are the most social of reptiles. Even though they do not form social groups, many species congregate in certain section of rivers, tolerating each other at times of feeding and basking.

36. The female crocodile digs a hole a couple of yards from the river bank and up to 20 inches deep, and lays between 25 and 80 eggs. Multiple females may nest close together. Once they are hatched, the female may lead the hatchlings to water, or even carry them there, in her mouth where they mature and learn how to survive. Crocodile: Life Cycle

38. Gaboon Viper Type of Camouflage: Concealing Coloration Colors: Black, Yellow & Brown The Gaboon Vipers are solitary, nocturnal reptiles and are found near in the dark places mostly in the rainforests. The Gaboon Viper’s excellent camouflage allows them to hide in leaves on the forest floor while waiting for prey. They feed on small mammals, birds and amphibians such as frogs.

39. Gaboon males are longer than their females; males are on an average three to four feet; females are four to six feet. Breeding usually takes place during the dry season when food is less prevalent. Females give birth to 30 to 50 live young during the rainy season. Babies are only five to seven inches long at birth. They mature at about 3 to 5 years of age without any parental care, as babies immediately disperse after birth and begin their solitary lives. Gaboon Viper: Life Cycle

40. Insects, and other Arthropods Insects, and other Arthropods Frogs Frogs Reptiles Reptiles Birds Birds Fish Fish Mammals Mammals

41. Type of Camouflage: Disguise These frogs are highly arboreal and rarely descend from high treetops except for breeding. The gray tree frog is most common in forested areas that are moist and near water. It can camouflage using two colors green and grey. It turns green when sitting on a moss-covered tree trunk. If found hiding on the side of a tree, it will be hard to distinguish it from the tree bark. Depending on the color of bark, it changes color to green or grey. Eastern gray tree frogs are a source of food for a variety of predators, such as skunks, possums, raccoons, and snakes. A way they can avoid these predators is to camouflage with the tree bark.

42. During mating season, males gather in trees and bushes and begin calling. The female chooses a mate based on the call. She lays her eggs on the surface of shallow water in ponds, swamps tire ruts, vernal pools or even swimming pools. They are attached to vegetation to keep them from floating away. The female lays 2000 eggs in groups of 10-40. The tadpoles hatch in 4-5 days and will change into froglets in about 2 months.

43. Conclusion In nature, every advantage increases an animal's chances of survival, and therefore its chances of reproducing. This simple fact has caused animal species to evolve a number of special adaptations that help them find food and keep them from becom­ing food. One of the most widespread and varied adaptations is natural camouflage, an animal's ability to hide itself from predator and prey.

44. The End Hope you Enjoyed! The End Hope you Enjoyed!

45. Bibliography http://what-when-how.com/birds/himalayan-snowcock-birds/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grasshopper http://www.ehow.com/about_6586905_walking-stick-insects.html http://www.nhptv.org/natureworks/nw4.htm http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/whitetailed_deer.htm http://leopardanimal.com/leopard-facts/leopard-life-cycle.php http://www.tfsd.k12.id.us/ol/O'Leary%20Web%20Tech%20Fishtopia/lifecy cle.html http://www.tfsd.k12.id.us/ol/O'Leary%20Web%20Tech%20Fishtopia/lifecy cle.html http://www.rainforestanimals.net/rainforestanimal/gaboonviper.html