1. Spina Bifida By Caitlin Grady, Jake Eberth and Scott Marinich

3. Definition  A birth defect that results from a mistake early in the development of the spinal chord  Literally means “cleft spine”  The most common neural tube defect in the U.S

4. Symptoms  Bulging spinal chord  Hydrophalus  Paralysis in lower back and legs  Bladder and bowl malfunction

5. Treatments  Surgery  Catheterization  Prostheses  Physical therapy  Sometimes fetal therapy

6. Genetics  Doctors aren't certain what causes spina bifida.  As with many other problems, it appears to be a consequence from a mixture of genetic and environmental risk factors.  Examples include a family history of neural tube defects and folic acid insufficiency.  Maternal folic acid deficiency has been linked to spina bifida.  An increase in intake of folic acid can prevent spina bifida, especially if taken in prenatal vitamins.

7. Bibliography  Magill’s Medical Guide  Kid’s Health Kid’s Health  Medicine Net Medicine Net