1.  First, a look back….

2.  Look at history of games  From ancient Babylon to start of video games  Why games are played  How games changed over time

3. 1. To survey games played throughout ancient and modern history 2. To understand the connections between ancient and modern era games 3. To analyze the strategies that are common to games played throughout the ages 4. To understand how technology has revolutionized game playing.

4.  Frederick the Great (1740 to 1786)  Simulated wars and battles  Germans continue this practice  Used metal miniatures  Modern war simulations use computers

5.  Napoleon war tactics (early 1800s) were considered the master  Simulated at West Point, VMI  Civil War generals tried to use his tactics, but did not work.  Hans Delbruck - historian  Based his accounts on going to sites, not just reading history  Read Hans Delbruck section in course (Syllabus > Unit 12 > Wargames through History) and complete Discussion:  Why were Hans Delbruck's ideas rejected at first? Can you think of other examples of how new thinking and ideas have been discounted at first, and then later accepted?

6.  450,000 US citizens died in WWII.  After the war Americans a fascination with WWII battles  Often written about and simulated – led to war games  1954 Tactics  First war game  Developed concepts of modern war games:  Hex grid  Zones of control  Stacking units in hex  Terrain effects  Troop strength

7.  Blitzkrieg  Focused on WWII battles  SPI – Simulation Publications Inc.  Founded in 1969  Marketed several war games  First video game designers played SPI games  Stratego – 1961  Risk – 1957  Axis and Allies - 1984

8.  The Post-War (WW I) period  US adopted policy of isolationism  1924 US Immigration Act – restricted immigration  1919 Prohibition  Jazz music popular

9.  The Great Depression  Gap between rich and poor widened in 1920s  Unemployment: 3% in 1929; 25% in 1933  1932 FDR elected  Began many social programs  Monopoly was created

10.  Monopoly  Most successful game in US history  Snapshot of life in early 20 th Century  Popular because it was like a fantasy game  More money  Building a real estate empire