1. Dealing with impaired and incompetent health care professionals Survey research amongst ten health care professions Jan-Willem Weenink MSc Tijn Kool Phd IQ healthcare Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre ~ EPSO Conference Copenhagen, September 2013 ~

2. IQ healthcare Scientific research projects and education in the field of quality, safety and ethics in healthcare Radboud Nijmegen University Medical Centre (RUNMC) 8 professors, 20 senior staff members, total of 130 employees

3. Index 1.Project background 2. Realisation and contents of the questionnaire 3. Results 4. Continuation of the project

4. Background Project ‘Identification of impaired and incompetent health care professionals’ Project – Interviews with important stakeholders in Dutch healthcare – Foreign policy and experiences – Survey research amongst 10 health care professions 1.Dentists 2.Elderly Care Physicans 3.General practitioners 4.Medical specialists 5.Midwives 6.Nurses 7.Pharmacists 8.Physiotherapists 9.Psychologists 10.Psychotherapists

5. Definition of impairment/incompetence Impairment/incompetence concerns a (1) structural situation, (2) of irresponsible healthcare delivery, (3) which is (potentially) hazardous to the patient, and (4) in which the specific healthcare professional is not able or willing to restore by him- or herself. – Structural – Irresponsible – Potentially hazardous – No solution without intervention

6. Realisation questionnaire Existing literature Expert group IQ healthcare Health care professional organisations and Inspectorate Pilot study in two professionals of each profession

7. Contents questionnaire 1.Experience with an impaired/incompetent colleague 2.Support in dealing with impairment and incompetence 3.Evaluation of own competence 4.Hypothetical cases 5.Who takes and needs to take responsibility (5 phases)

8. Study population Professions: 27%, range 17-41% Respondent characteristics are comparable to known figures of each profession in the Netherlands Study population Age (sd)49 (11,4) % female64% Work experience (sd)18 (10,1) % paid employment40% % working without colleague of same profession21%

9. Experience with impaired/incompetent colleague Types of impairment/incompetence Abnormal medical practice Cooperation problems with colleagues Communication problems with colleagues Communication problems with patients Professionals that took action Discussed it with the impaired professional Discussed it with colleagues

10. Support in dealing with impairment/incompetence Knowledge on what to do with a impaired.. colleague within own institution colleague outside own organisation Experienced support Support from partnerships/group practice Policy of institution Desired support Protocol from professional organisation During education Helpline

11. Evaluation of own competence Evaluation using instruments or methods Feedback groups Job evaluation conversations Auditing Motivation for not using instruments No specific reason Not available in my institution

12. Who’s responsibility? Who needs to take responsibility? Prevention and signalling: impaired professional himself, colleagues & superior Determining: colleagues, superior & inspectorate Taking measures: inspectorate & profession organisation Rehabilitation: impaired professional & inspectorate Discrepancy in all phases for situation now and ideal situation

13. In summary Experiences with impaired/incompetent colleague When professionals suspect impairment of a colleague, they discuss it with the impaired colleague or other colleagues Evaluation of own competence with instruments/methods Discrepancy between experienced support and desired support All stakeholders need to take more responsibility

14. Remarks Low response – Delicate subject? – Time investment? – No non-respondent analysis Socially desirable responses?

15. Continuation of the project Phase 2 (August 2013 – August 2015) – Monitoring of developments regarding dealing with impairment/incompetence – Case studies organisations (best practices) – Follow-up questionnaire

16. Thanks! Jan-Willem Weenink MSc Tijn Kool Phd IQ healthcare Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre J.Weenink@iq.umcn.nl T.Kool@iq.umcn.nl Questions?