1. Water plays critical role in South Asia’s welfare with important linkages to all aspects of economic development: Irrigated croplands produce more than 75% of food production Hydropower accounts for about 20% of electric production Industry, thermal power, water transport and inland fisheries/aquaculture are dependent on water resources Floods and droughts affects millions of people Polluted waters pose increasing health and environmental problems Irrigation and Water Resources Management in South Asia

2. Challenges Water resources are limited, but development is much less than the current potential Irrigated agriculture is the largest water user – water use is inefficient Safe drinking water is available to relatively small population Population with good sanitation facilities is small Only small portion of hydropower potential has been developed

3. Investments in infrastructure to improve services and technology - modernization in addition to rehabilitation Institutional reforms at all levels Moving towards principles of basin wide integrated water resources management - competing uses Improvement in water use efficiency – do more with less Technical and Financial sustainability - improved cost recovery and O&M Priorities for Irrigation

4. Project NameAmt ($M) Hydrology II105 Karnataka Community-based Tanks159 UP Water Sector Restructuring135 Rajasthan Water Sector Restructuring140 MP Water Sector Restructuring394 Maharashtra Water Sector Improvement325 TN Irr Ag Modernization and Water-Bodies Restoration and Management 487 AP Community-based Tanks190 Orissa Commuty-based Tanks108 Total2,043 Ongoing operations (India)

5. Project Name AMT $ AF Emergency Irrigation Rehabilitation 93.0 BDWater Management Improvement 136.7 BD Emergency 2007 Cyclone Recovery 109.0 BD 2007 Flood Restoration and Recovery Project 152.4 NP Irrigation and Water Resources Management 60.0 Sri Lanka Dam Safety and Water Resources 71.7 PK On-farm Water Management NWFP 130.0 PK On-farm Water Management Sindh 78.0 PK Sindh WSIP 175.0 PK Taunsa Barrage Emergency 150.0 Total 1,115.0 Ongoing operations other than India

6. Number of water user associations established, legalized, and operational Amount of aggregate revenue collected for operation and maintenance Number of water users provided with adequate I&D services Area of crop land provided with adequate I&D services Impacts – what are we aiming at and what do we want to know

7. Not all our projects have been successful and it has been difficult to measure impacts. Many issues: Annual variation in climate - hydrology Wrong policies - collection of fees Complicated social status in rural areas Vested interests (WRD - WUAs) Lack of cooperation between various departments Measure incomes and poverty reduction