1. Chapter 17 Electrical Plans

2. 2 Links for Chapter 17 Circuit Design Symbols and Wiring Steps in Drawing Relate Web Sites

3. 3 Circuit Design Place switches and outlets at convenient locations Outlets should be a maximum of 12’ apart and 6’ from an opening Keep outlets accessible Keep an outlet in the hallway and close together in kitchen

4. 4 Circuit Design Kitchen, bathroom, laundry, and outdoor circuits require ground-fault interrupter (GFI) Exhaust fan needed in bathroom Ceiling lights are common in children’s bedrooms Place a light over the sink in the kitchen

5. 5 Circuit Design Place switches so they are near lights Locate lights in closets or alcove Use 220-volt outlets in a shop Light stairways well Use exterior lights to illuminate outside areas

6. 6 Energy Conservation Keep outlets at a minimum on outside walls Use a back draft fan or automatic damper to limit air leakage Use timed thermostats to control heating and cooling automatically Run outside wires along on bottom plate

7. 7 Energy Conservation Select energy-efficient appliances Use fluorescent lights whenever possible Caulk and seal around all light and convenience outlets Use recessed lights with insulation cover (IC)

8. 8 Home Automation Automation is a method of controlling and operating mechanical devices without human intervention Consider an in-home theater Computerize lighting, heating, and security Structured wiring is used for in-home computer networks

9. 9 Electrical Design Considerations Entry - One light controlled by a switch and GFI outlet Patio/Porch - Lighting and GFI outlets Living area - Ceiling light/fan and outlets Dining room - Switch-controlled ceiling light Kitchen - Outlets above the counter, for appliances, and adequate lighting

10. 10 Electrical Design Considerations Bedrooms - Lighting in room and closets with outlets Bathrooms - GFI outlets, ceiling lights and fans Laundry - Ceiling lights with 120- and 220- volt outlets Smoke detectors - One in each sleeping area and on each story

11. 11 Electrical Design Considerations Telephones - Located in kitchen, office, and master bedroom Television, cable, stereo, security - Usually wired by a specialist Computer - Wired for a computer network to maximize printing and file-sharing

12. 12 Universal Electrical Installations Switch Location - Place 2’-6” above floor Convenience Outlets - 15” above the floor and about 8’ apart Lighting - Provide lighting that is controlled by dimmer switches Communications - Provide additional phone jacks and an intercom system if needed

13. 13 Electrical Symbols All electrical symbols should be drawn with a 1/8” circle Symbols and lines should not clutter drawing Switches are drawn perpendicular to a wall Draw lines with a French curve Local notes may be applied in special situations

14. 14 Electrical Layouts

15. 15 Electrical Layouts

16. 16 Wiring Specifications Typical residential service is 200 amps Service can be distributed overhead or underground Locate meter on garage or exterior side wall Locate the distribution panel in garage or close to heavy load devices

17. 17 Drawing Electrical Plans Letter all switch locations and draw all fixture locations Draw electrical circuits or switch legs with dashed line Place electrical outlets Add local notes

18. Heat and Light Electricity- form of energy that can produce light, heat, magnetism, and chemical changes Resistance- tendency of material to resist electrical flow Conductor- allow electricity flow easily Insulator- great resistance to the flow of electricity

19. Amperes, Volts, and Watts Amperes- a measure of the rate of flow of electricity Volts- a measure of electric pressure Watts- measure of the amount of energy or work that can be done Watts= Volts x Amperes Volts= Watts Amperes=Watts Amperes Volts

20. Electrical Safety Place all heater and lamps away form combustible materials Keep metal cases or cabinets of eletrical appliances grounded Do not remove the back oa a TV set Keep electrical motors lubricated and free of grease and dirt

21. Electrical Safety Keep appliance dry Do not use switches, outlets, fixture, or extension cords that are cracked or damaged Follow manufacture’s instructions

22. Types of Cables Nonmetallic sheathed cable- consists of copper or aluminum wires covered with paper and vinyl Armored cable- a flexible metal sheath with individual wires inside Conduit- tubing that contains individual insulated wires Electrical metallic tube- bendable type of metal

23. Wire Identification Type T- used for dry locations Type TW- use in dry or wet locations Type THHN- dry locations, high temperature Type THW and THWN- wet locations, high temperature Type XHHW- high moisture and heat resistance Type UF- direct burial in soil but not concrete

24. Wire Identification Positive (hot) wires- black, red, blue wires that carry current to appliances Neutral wires- white wires that carry current from the appliance back to the source Green wires and bare wires are used to ground all metal boxes and appliances

25. Career Options After Training Industrial electrician Maintenance electrician Commercial electrician General electrician Project manager Construction superintendent Supervisor Contractor Independent business owner

26. Wages Electric power generation, transmission and distribution $28.15 Local government $25.66 Nonresidential building construction $22.21 Building equipment contractors $21.72 Employment services $18.32

27. Top 16 Tools Fish TapeWire Crimper Tape MeasureStraight-head Screwdriver VoltmeterPhilips Screwdriver HammerRazor Blade Knife (Utility Knife) Channel Lock PliersAllen Wrench Set (Hex set) Wire StrippersFlashlight Non-Contact Voltage DetectorTorpedo Level Side Cutter Diagonal PliersLinesman Pliers

28. Wires Aluminum and Copper Black = AC hot Red = switched AC hot Yellow = AC hot from a another source White = neutral Red w/white tracer = switched neutral Green or green w/ yellow tracer = ground/earth ground The bigger the number size the smaller the wire and voltage.

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30. 30 Related Web Sites Audio Video Environment - www.avenow.com www.avenow.com Leviton- www.leviton.com/www.leviton.com/ Nutone- www.nutone.comwww.nutone.com On Q Home Wiring Systems- www.onqtech.com www.onqtech.com SquareD - www.squared.comwww.squared.com