1. C OMPUTING E SSENTIALS 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 Timothy J. O’Leary Linda I. O’Leary Presentations by: Fred Bounds

2. 2 2 Software CHAPTER

3. 3 Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter 2 Competencies After reading this chapter, you should be able to : 1. Discuss the types of system software. 2. Explain the basic functions of an operating system. 3. Explain the features common to most types of software.

4. 4 Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter 2 Competencies 4. Describe browsers, word processors, spreadsheets, database management, systems software and presentation graphics. 5. Describe integrated software and software suites.

5. 5 Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter 2 Overview The microcomputer is an electronic tool A tool that’s very good at typing, calculating, organizing, presenting and managing information

6. 6 Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter 2 Overview All that’s needed is the right software –Systems - “background” operations –Application - useful work or tasks for real people Competent end users should understand both

7. System Software System software consists of utilities, device drivers, language translators and operating systems. Operating systems manage resources, provide user interface and run applications.

8. 8 Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter 2 System Software Utilities –Service programs –Manage computer resources or files –Help users with diagnosing problems, finding lost files and backup them up Device drivers - programs allowing input & output devices to communicate with other parts of the computer system

9. 9 Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter 2 System Software Operating systems –Resources - coordinate input & output devices, memory and storage devices –User interface - how users interact with the computer, these days, usually a graphical user interface (GUI) using icons –Applications - load and run the applications software, allow multi-tasking

10. 10 Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter 2 Some Important Operating Systems DOS Microsoft’s Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows NT 4.0 and Windows 2000 OS/2 Macintosh UNIX

11. 11 Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter 2 Windows 98 Windows 98 Desktop

12. 2 2 CHAPTER Application Software

13. 13 Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter 2 Objectives 1.General Purpose Application 2.Browsers / Web Based Application 3.Word processors 4.Spreadsheets 5.Presentations 6.Database management systems 7.Suites and Integrated

14. General Purpose Applications Some features are common to all applications.

15. 15 Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter 2 General-Purpose Applications Windows –Rectangular area containing documents, programs or a message –More than one window may be open at the same time Windows –Rectangular area containing documents, programs or a message –More than one window may be open at the same time

16. 16 Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter 2 Simultaneous Open Windows

17. 17 Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter 2 General Purpose Applications Menus –To present commands and options –Drop down when item selected

18. 18 Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter 2 General Purpose Applications Toolbars –Quick access to commonly used commands –Standard and formatting the most common

19. 19 Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter 2 General Purpose Applications Help –Contents

20. 20 Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter 2 General Purpose Applications Help –Index

21. Browsers Browsers connect to the Web, search for information, communicate with others and create Web pages.

22. 22 Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter 2 Browsers Communicating - email and newsgroups

23. 23 Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter 2 Browsers Searching - finding information by category, topic or key word(s)

24. 24 Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter 2 Browsers Creating Web sites

25. Word Processors Word processing software is used to create text-based documents.

26. 26 Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter 2 Word Processors Word Wrap and the Enter Key –Automatically moves text to new line when prior line is full –Enter overrides and starts new line Word Wrap and the Enter Key –Automatically moves text to new line when prior line is full –Enter overrides and starts new line

27. 27 Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter 2 Word Processors Spelling and Grammar Checkers –Incorrect spelling is identified and alternatives offered –Identifies poor grammar and makes suggestions Spelling and Grammar Checkers –Incorrect spelling is identified and alternatives offered –Identifies poor grammar and makes suggestions

28. 28 Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter 2 Word Processors Search and ReplaceSearch and Replace –Quickly locate with search or find commands –Automatic update of word(s) found with new word

29. 29 Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter 2 Word Processors Hypertext links –Cross reference information within the current document or between documents –Click on the link, and “it takes you there” Hypertext links –Cross reference information within the current document or between documents –Click on the link, and “it takes you there”

30. Spreadsheets A spreadsheet is an electronic worksheet used to organize, manipulate and graph data.

31. 31 Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter 2 Spreadsheets Also known as a worksheet Consist of grid of rows and columns Numbered rows and lettered columns Intersection of row and column is a cell, e.g. cell D5. Range - any contiguous rectangular area of cells

32. 32 Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter 2 Spreadsheets labels values formula

33. 33 Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter 2 Spreadsheets Analytical graph

34. Database Management Systems A database manager organizes a related collection of data so that information can be easily retrieved.

35. 35 Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter 2 Database Management Systems Also known as DBMS Establishes a database structure for data storage Tools to enter, edit and retrieve data from the database

36. 36 Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter 2 Database Management Systems Relational databases organize data into fields, records, tables and databases Tables can be linked by a key field, one that is common to both the tables in question

37. 37 Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter 2 Database Management Systems Locate and display - ability to quickly locate records based on various criteria Sort and analyze - rearranging or computation based on various criteria Program Control languages - allow sophisticated users to communicate with mainframe databases

38. 38 Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter 2 record table field value field names

39. 39 Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter 2 tables related by linking each other to a common key field

40. Presentation Graphics Presentation graphics software helps you create professional and exciting presentations.

41. 41 Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter 2 Presentation Graphics Combines a variety of visual objects to present attractive, professional presentations People learn better when information is visually presented This presentation was created using PowerPoint 97

42. 42 Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter 2 Presentation Graphics Content development assistance - sample presentations and layout files Professional design - templates and professionally conceived color schemes and styles Animations - special visual and sound effects

43. Integrated Packages and Software Suites Integrated software is an all-in-one application program. Software suites are individual application programs that are sold together.

44. 44 Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter 2 Integrated Packages Single programs providing multiple functionality such as word processor, spreadsheet, database manager such as Microsoft Works Easy and effective sharing of data Good price But not usually as powerful as a dedicated program such as Word

45. 45 Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter 2 Software Suites Bundling of individually developed application programs into a convenient module, such as Microsoft Office Convenient and effective data sharing More expensive than integrated packages Less than buying the separate application programs individually

46. 46 Computing Essentials 1999 - 2000 Chapter 2