1. 1 1 Figure 10.1 Considerations for effective dispersion strengthening: (a) The precipitate phase should be hard and discontinuous. (c)2003 Brooks/Cole, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning ™ is a trademark used herein under license.

2. 2 2 Figure 10.1 Considerations for effective dispersion strengthening: (b) The dispersed phase particles should be small and numerous. (c)2003 Brooks/Cole, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning ™ is a trademark used herein under license.

3. 3 3 Figure 10.1 Considerations for effective dispersion strengthening: (c) The dispersed phase particles should be round rather than needlelike. (c)2003 Brooks/Cole, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning ™ is a trademark used herein under license.

4. 4 4 Figure 10.1 Considerations for effective dispersion strengthening: (d) Larger amounts of dispersed phase increase strengthening. (c)2003 Brooks/Cole, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning ™ is a trademark used herein under license.

5. 5 5 Figure 10.6 The five most important three-phase reactions in binary phase diagrams.

6. 6 6  Solvus - A solubility curve that separates a single-solid phase region from a two-solid phase region in the phase diagram.  Hypoeutectic alloy - An alloy composition between that of the left-hand-side end of the tie line defining the eutectic reaction and the eutectic composition.  Hypereutectic alloys - An alloy composition between that of the right-hand-side end of the tie line defining the eutectic reaction and the eutectic composition. Section 10.4 The Eutectic Phase Diagram

7. 7 7 (c)2003 Brooks/Cole, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning ™ is a trademark used herein under license. Figure 10.8 the lead-tin equilibrium phase diagram.

8. 8 8 (c)2003 Brooks/Cole, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning ™ is a trademark used herein under license. Figure 10.9 Solidification and microstructure of a Pb-2% Sn alloy. The alloy is a single-phase solid solution.

9. 9 9 (c)2003 Brooks/Cole, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning ™ is a trademark used herein under license. Figure 10.10 Solidification, precipitation, and microstructure of a Pb-10% Sn alloy. Some dispersion strengthening occurs as the β solid precipitates.

10. 10 (c)2003 Brooks/Cole, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning ™ is a trademark used herein under license. Figure 10.10 Solidification, precipitation, and microstructure of a Pb-10% Sn alloy. Some dispersion strengthening occurs as the β solid precipitates.

11. 11 (c)2003 Brooks/Cole, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning ™ is a trademark used herein under license. Figure 10.12 Solidification and microstructure of the eutectic alloy Pb-61.9% Sn.

12. 12

13. 13 (c)2003 Brooks/Cole, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning ™ is a trademark used herein under license. Figure 10.13 The cooling curve for a eutectic alloy is a simple thermal arrest, since eutectics freeze or melt at a single temperature.

14. 14 (c)2003 Brooks/Cole, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning ™ is a trademark used herein under license. Figure 10.14 (a) Atom redistribution during lamellar growth of a lead-tin eutectic. Tin atoms from the liquid preferentially diffuse to the β plates, and lead atoms diffuse to the α plates. (b) Photomicrograph of the lead-tin eutectic microconstituent (x400).

15. 15 (c)2003 Brooks/Cole, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning ™ is a trademark used herein under license. Figure 10.16 The solidification and microstructure of a hypoeutectic alloy (Pb-30% Sn).

16. 16 Example 10.5 Determination of Phases and Amounts in a Pb-30% Sn Hypoeutectic Alloy For a Pb-30% Sn alloy, determine the phases present, their amounts, and their compositions at 300 o C, 200 o C, 184 o C, 182 o C, and 0 o C.

17. 17 Example 10.5 SOLUTION

18. 18 (c)2003 Brooks/Cole, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning ™ is a trademark used herein under license. Figure 10.18 The cooling curve for a hypoeutectic Pb- 30% Sn alloy.

19. 19 (c)2003 Brooks/Cole, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning ™ is a trademark used herein under license. Figure 10.22 The effect of the composition and strengthening mechanism on the tensile strength of lead- tin alloys.

20. 20 (c)2003 Brooks/Cole, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning ™ is a trademark used herein under license. Figure 10.8 the lead-tin equilibrium phase diagram.