1. Intermolecular forces and mixture behavior

2. intermolecular forces dispersion electrostatic induced dipoles association (complex formation)

8. U ij (r): At short r: repulsion; at larger r: attractions; at r~r o quasichemical interactions: H-bonding and charge-transfer complexes Electronegativity: gives an idea of electron affinity of a given element

9. Association: attractive interaction between like species; example water (O acceptor site) and another water (H donor) Large changes in properties boiling points, heats of vaporization, viscosities) of pure species Solvation: attractive interaction between unlike species. Cl 3 CH (CH 3 ) 2 CO CH 3 OH

10. excess properties

11. type of species nonpolar (NP): benzene, CCl4, n-heptane polar non-associating (NA): acetone, chloroform, diethylether polar and associating (AS): water, ethanol, acetic acid

12. type of binaries NP/NP: benzene/n-heptane NA/NP:

13. ~ 85% of all mixtures in I, II, III, VI (~ 70% GE>0 and HE >0, I and II) ~ 60% I and IV ~15% III and VI NP/NP, small GE NP/NP NA/NP, large GE SE<0 SE>0 AS/NP AS/NA Solvating NA/NA

15. NA/NP AS/NP NA/NA AS/NAAS/AS AS/NA