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ENZYMES 2-4 http://www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de/b-online/library/cat-removed/enzyme_.gif
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Chemical reactions need help to get started. Ex: A fire needs a match to get it started. http://www.chuckwagondiner.com/art/matches.jpg http://plato.acadiau.ca/COURSES/comm/g5/Fire_Animation.gif
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IT’S LIKE PUSHING A SNOWBALL UP A HILL Once it gets to top... it can roll back all by itself http://www.gifs.net
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Molecules in living things that help chemical reactions happen are called = _________ Most enzymes are _____________ Image from: http://www.hillstrath.on.ca/moffatt/bio3a/digestive/enzanim.htm More about this in Chapters 7,8,9 and 12 SEE ANIMATION of AMYLASE ENZYMES PROTEINS
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Click the image to play the video segment. Enzymatic Reactions 2D
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HOW ENZYMES WORK SUBSTRATE ENZYME-SUBSTRATE COMPLEX PRODUCTS ENZYME Unchanged & Reusable ENZYME Image modified from: http://www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de/b-online/library/cat-removed/enzyme_.gif Arrow: http://www.gifanimations.com/action/ImageDisplay/1/2/11/next
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Click HERE to learn more about enzymesHERE ENZYMES _____ like a _______________ to only _________of _________. Enzymes are ___________ by the reaction and ___________ LOCK AND KEY REUSABLE UNCHANGED FIT ONE KIND SUBSTRATE http://www.grand-illusions.com/images/articles/toyshop/trick_lock/mainimage.jpg
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FACTORS THAT AFFECT ENZYME ACTIVITY __________ & ______________ Conditions that are TOO ACIDIC or TOO HOT cause proteins to ________ or _________ pH temperature UNWIND DENATURE http://www.desktopfotos.de/Downloads/melt_cd.jpghttp://www.nealbrownstudio.com/adm/photo/163_nb_fried_egg.jpg See a movie Choose narrated
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Denaturing _______ the _______ of the ______________ so enzyme ______________ to ____________ Image modified from: http://www.lewport.wnyric.org/jwanamaker/animations/Enzyme%20activity.html _______________ (keeping pH and temperature constant) is ______________ for maintaining ____________________ HOMEOSTASIS changesshape ACTIVE SITE CAN’T BIND SUBSTRATE IMPORTANT ENZYME FUNCTION
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Many enzyme NAMES end in _____ and the beginning of the name tells what it does DNA Polymerase= “polymerizes” joins monomers to make DNA Protease= breaks down proteins ATP synthase= synthesizes ATP -ASE
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MAKE CONNECTIONS How is the SHAPE of an enzyme related to its FUNCTION? http://www.gb-sports.co.uk/zoggsfinz.jpg http://www.webweaver.nu/clipart/img/misc/construction/hammer-animation.gif
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SOUTH DAKOTA CORE SCIENCE STANDARDS 9-12.L.1.1. Students are able to relate cellular functions and processes to specialized structures within cells. EXAMPLE: role of enzymes LIFE SCIENCE: Indicator 1: Understand the fundamental structures, functions, classifications, and mechanisms found in living things
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Indicator 1: Understand the fundamental structures, functions, classifications, and mechanisms found in living things. 9-12.L.1.2A. (Synthesis) Describe how living systems use biofeedback mechanisms to maintain homeostasis. 9-12.L.1.4A. (Application) Identify factors that change the rates of enzyme catalyzed reactions. SOUTH DAKOTA ADVANCED STANDARDS LIFE SCIENCE
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Core High School Life Science Performance Descriptors High school students performing at the ADVANCED level: explain how protein production is regulated; predict how homeostasis is maintained within living systems; High school students performing at the PROFICIENT level: describe and give examples of chemical reactions required to sustain life (hydrolysis, dehydration synthesis, …ADP/ATP, role of enzymes); describe the relationship between structure and function High school students performing at the BASIC level name chemical reactions required to sustain life (hydrolysis, dehydration synthesis, photosynthesis, cellular respiration, ADP/ATP, role of enzymes); recognize that different structures perform different functions; identify DNA as the structure that carries the genetic code; define homeostasis;
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