1. Bridge Girder Alternatives for Extremely Aggressive Environments Project Manager: Will Potter, P.E. - FDOT Research Team: Jeff R. Brown, PhD, Assoc. Professor of Civil Engineering - ERAU Daewon Kim, PhD, Asst. Professor of Aerospace Engineering - ERAU Ali Tamijani, PhD, Asst. Professor of Aerospace Engineering - ERAU BDV22 TWO 977-01

2. Project Overview Conceptual design study to investigate FRP or Hybrid-FRP bridge girders for marine environments Span lengths limited to 30 – 75 ft U.S. 192 Indian River Causeway – East side relief bridge in 1994 (< 50 years old)

3. Project Overview Task 1 – Literature Review Task 2 – Conceptual Design Study Task 3 – Final Report Carbon/Glass FRP bridge girder in Madrid, Spain (2007)

4. Project Timeline Year20152016 MonthJul.AugSep.Oct.Nov.Dec.Jan.Feb.Mar.Apr.MayJun. Literature Review Conceptual Design Study Final Report Year20162017 MonthJul.AugSep.Oct.Nov.Dec.Jan.Feb.Mar.Apr.MayJun. Literature Review Conceptual Design Study Final Report Project Completion

5. Task 1 – Literature Review Existing standards, specifications, and guidelines Material systems and manufacturing methods Pre-Standard for Load and Resistance Factor Design (LRFD) of Pultruded Fiber Reinforced Polymer Structures

6. Task 1 – Literature Review Current applications of FRP bridge girders

7. Task 1 – Literature Review Advanced composites systems  3-D Stitching  Integrated pultruded rods Images from NASA report on Damage Arresting Composites for Shaped Vehicles

8. Task 2 – Conceptual Design Study Design requirements  Strength and Serviceability per AASHTO LRFD and FDOT Structures Design Guidelines (SDG)  75 year service-life in an “Extremely Aggressive Environment” per FDOT SDG  30 ft. to 75 ft simply supported span lengths Images from NASA report on Damage Arresting Composites for Shaped Vehicles

9. Task 2 – Conceptual Design Study Design requirements (cont.)  Practical design methodology including: o Global and local strength requirements o Connections between deck and girder for composite action  Girder is cost-competitive over its service-life with traditional materials (Reinforced/ Prestressed concrete)

10. Task 2 – Conceptual Design Study Concept development  Stand-Alone Pultruded Sections

11. Task 2 – Conceptual Design Study Concept development  Built-up Pultruded Sections

12. Task 2 – Conceptual Design Study Concept development  VARTM Open-top Box Girders

13. Task 2 – Conceptual Design Study Preliminary analysis and design Evaluation criteria 1.Material quantities 2.Material costs 3.Manufacturing costs a)Tooling b)Fabrication 4.Constructability a)Transportation considerations b)On-site maneuverability c)Effect on construction timeline 5.Durability 6.Maintenance and inspection 7.Manufacturing adaptability 8.Design methodology 9.Comparison to traditional RC/PC construction

14. Task 2 – Conceptual Design Study Detailed analysis for top three concepts Stability analysis for local and global buckling (finite element analysis) Bracing and diaphragms for moment distribution (including connections) Shear transfer between the FRP composite and the concrete bridge deck End bearing design Practical design methodologies for top three concepts

15. Task 3 – Final Report Summarize findings Recommendations for future work

16. Thank you… Contact info  Jeff Brown (jeff.brown1@erau.edu)jeff.brown1@erau.edu  Daewon Kim (kimd3c@erau.edu)kimd3c@erau.edu  Ali Tamijani (tamijana@erau.edu)tamijana@erau.edu