1. Semester 1, Day 3 Cell Membrane, ER, and Golgi

2. Agenda  Turn in Chapter 7 Responses  Cells Quiz  Review Macromolecules Quiz  Plasma Membrane, ER, Golgi Lecture  4 Min Break  Reading/Work Time

3. Homework  If you have not already shown me yesterday’s work, please turn in your responses to Chapter 7.  Please show me your book if you took one home yesterday

4. Cells Quiz  Word bank for all cells  Not all words will be used for each cell  Question #3. Add “peroxisome” to word bank  Silently complete quiz  Place facedown when finished  All will be collected when everyone is finished

5. Review Macromolecules Quiz

6. Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane  All cells (pro & eu) have a plasma/cell membrane!  Recall: Protons Electrons Neutrons AtomsMoleculesMonomersMacromolecules/ Polymers CellsOrganisms ChemistryBiology Found in

7. Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane Cell

8. Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane Extracellular Fluid (Outside Cell) Cytoplasm (Inside Cell) Cholesterol Protein Phospholipid Bilayer Lipid Hydrophilic Hydrophobic Carbohydrate

9. Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane  Fluid Mosaic Model  Phospholipids: Structure, liquid-y  Proteins: Transport across membrane  Carbohydrates: Signaling  Cholesterols: Stability “Moving”“Many parts” Macromolecules! (no nucleic acids)

10. Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane  Semi-permeable membrane  Allows small molecules through, but not larger molecules  Plasma membrane is semi-permeable  Regulates what can/cannot enter/exit the cell.  Phospholipid Bilayer: main portion of membrane “Partially”“Passable” “Two” Phospholipid Hydrophobic (  water) Hydrophilic ( water) 2 layers (“bi” layer)

11.  Mini-Lesson: Concentration  Amount of solute in solvent  Example: 6 grams sugar in 2 liters water  Importance? Molecules want to move from high [ ] to low [ ]  Imagine: Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane Concentration = Solute Solvent = 6 g sugar 2 L water **Symbol for Concentration: [ ] [sugar] = 3 g/L SolventSolute                         

12. Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane  Concentration & semi-permeability are important to the plasma membrane!!  Number One: Diffusion Diagram Source: http://arditobook.pbworks.com/w/page/11348839/Diffusion Equal [ ] Small Molecule **If small molecule is water = OSMOSIS! Type of Diffusion

13. Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane  Concentration & semi-permeability are important to the plasma membrane!! (cont.)  Number Two: Facilitated Diffusion Diagram Source: http://spmbiology403.blogspot.com/2008/08/passive-transport-facilitated-diffusion.html Step 1Step 2Step 3 Channel ProteinCarrier Protein High [ ] Low [ ] Larger Molecules

14. Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane  Diffusion vs. Facilitated Diffusion  Diffusion through phospholipid bilayer  Facilitated diffusion through protein (channel OR carrier)  Both go from HIGH [ ] to LOW [ ]  Concentration & semi-permeability are important to the plasma membrane!! (cont. x2)  Number Three: Cell Membrane Pump High [K + ] Low [K + ]High[Na + ] Low [Na + ] Diagram Source: http://cosbiology.pbworks.com/w/page/11556267/Lesson%207-02%20Nerve%20Impulse

15. Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane  ATP: Energy! (Adenosine Triphosphate) (Adenosine Diphosphate) (Phosphate) Image Source (ATP): http://www.uic.edu/classes/bios/bios100/lectf03am/ATP02a.jpg Image Source (Reaction): http://faculty.clintoncc.suny.edu/faculty/michael.gregory/files/bio%20101/bio%20101%20lectures/energy/metabo13.gif ATP Structure ATP Reaction

16. Cell Part: Plasma/Cell Membrane  Gradient: High [ ] to Low [ ]  Passive Transport: Goes w/ gradient, requires NO energy  Active Transport: Goes against gradient, REQUIRES energy Membrane Transport Passive Transport Diffusion Facilitated Diffusion Channel Proteins Carrier Proteins Active Transport Cell Membrane Pump ??

17. Cell Part: Plasma/Cell Membrane  Osmosis: Diffusion of water across a semi-permeable membrane Image Source: http://course1.winona.edu/sberg/ILLUST/fig8-10.GIF Before After [C 6 H 12 O 6 ] lower “Hypotonic” [C 6 H 12 O 6 ] higher “Hypertonic” [C 6 H 12 O 6 ] equal “Isotonic” More water Less water Zoom In

18. Cell Parts: Plasma/Cell Membrane Cells in isotonic Solution Cells in hypertonic solution Cells in hypotonic solution Normal Shape Shriveled Shape Inflated Shape Image Source: http://mywellnesswarehouse.com/Images/Interior/Isotonic/HypertonicIsotonicHypto.gif

19. Cell Parts: Protein Synthesis  DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid):  “Master blueprint”, genetic code  Prokaryotic: DNA in nucleoid  Eukaryotic: DNA in nucleus

20. Cell Parts: Protein Synthesis  Transcription & Translation: DNA instructs the synthesis of a protein. 1. Nucleolus synthesizes ribosome 2. Ribosome attaches to rough E.R. 3. RNA copies DNA (Transcription) 4. RNA travels through nuclear pore to ribosome 5. Ribosome decodes RNA into a protein (Translation) 6. Protein travels through rough E.R. to fold into a complex 3D shape 7. Protein travels to Golgi where it is packaged into a vesicle 8. Vesicle travels to plasma membrane & is secreted through exocytosis Image Source: http://partsofthecell.blogspot.com/2012/09/golgi-apparatus.html Nucleus Nuclear Pore RNA DNA Rough E.R. Ribosome Nucleolus Golgi Body Plasma Membrane

21. Cell Parts: Protein Secretion  Vesicles containing proteins are not transported across the cell membrane by previously learned mechanisms. Membrane Transport Passive Transport Diffusion Facilitated Diffusion Channel Proteins Carrier Proteins Active Transport Cell Membrane Pump Endocytosis NEW! Exocytosis NEW!

22. Cell Parts: Protein Secretion Image Source: http://karimedalla.files.wordpress.com/2012/09/i60_0322.jpg Exocytosis Endocytosis “Outside” “Inside” **Protein particles are secreted through EXOCYTOSIS. - Example: Hormones to communicate w/ body

23. Reading/Work Time  Cornell Notes on Section 7.2, 7.3, and 8.1  Answer questions at end of each section