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1 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. CCNA 2 v3.1 Module 7 Distance Vector Routing Protocols
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222 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Purpose of This PowerPoint This PowerPoint primarily consists of the Target Indicators (TIs) of this module in CCNA version 3.1. It was created to give instructors a PowerPoint to take and modify as their own. This PowerPoint is: NOT a study guide for the module final assessment. NOT a study guide for the CCNA certification exam. Please report any mistakes you find in this PowerPoint by using the Academy Connection Help link.
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333 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. To Locate Instructional Resource Materials on Academy Connection: Go to the Community FTP Center to locate materials created by the instructor community Go to the Tools section Go to the Alpha Preview section Go to the Community link under Resources See the resources available on the Class home page for classes you are offering Search http://www.cisco.comhttp://www.cisco.com Contact your parent academy!
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444 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Objectives
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555 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Distance Vector Updates
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666 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Problem: Routing Loops Routing loops can occur when inconsistent routing tables are not updated due to slow convergence in a changing network.
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777 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Problem: Counting to Infinity
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888 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Solution: Defining a Maximum for Infinity
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999 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Solution: Split Horizon
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10 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Solution: Route Poisoning
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11 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Solution: Triggered Updates
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12 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Solution: Holddown Timers
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13 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Key Characteristics of RIP
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14 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. RIP Commands Using router rip and network commands to Enable RIP Enabling RIP on an IP-addressed network Monitoring IP packet flow using the show ip protocol command The show ip route command
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15 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Configuring RIP
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16 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Using the ip classless Command
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17 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. RIP Configuration Issues To reduce routing loops and counting to infinity, RIP uses the following: Defining infinity Split horizon Route poisoning & poison reverse Triggered updates Holddown timers
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18 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. The show ip protocols Command
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19 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. The show ip route Command
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20 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Troubleshooting RIP Update Issues debug ip rip show ip rip database show ip protocols {summary} show ip route debug ip rip {events} show ip interface brief
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21 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Preventing Routing Updates through an Interface
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22 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Load Balancing with RIP
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23 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Administrative Distance
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24 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Integrating Static Route with RIP A router running RIP can receive a default route via an update from another router running RIP. Another option is for the router to generate the default route itself. The administrator can override a static route with dynamic routing information by adjusting the administrative distance values.
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25 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. IGRP Features
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26 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. IGRP Commands Using router igrp and network commands to enable IGRP Enabling IGRP on an IP-addressed network Monitoring IP packet flow using the show ip protocol command The show ip interfaces command The show ip route command The debug ip rip command
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27 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. IGRP Metrics Bandwidth – The lowest bandwidth value in the path Delay – The cumulative interface delay along the path Reliability – The reliability on the link towards the destination as determined by the exchange of keepalives Load – The load on a link towards the destination based on bits per second
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28 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. IGRP Routes: Interior, System, & Exterior
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29 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. IGRP Stability Features Holddowns, Split horizons, & Poison-reverse updates
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30 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Configuring IGRP
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31 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Migrating RIP to IGRP 1.Verify existing routing protocol (RIP) on the routers to be converted. 2.Configure IGRP on RouterA and RouterB 3.Enter show ip protocols on RouterA and RouterB 4.Enter show ip route on RouterA and RouterB
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32 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Migrating RIP to IGRP
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33 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Verifying IGRP Configuration Some commands for checking IGRP configuration are as follows: show interface interface show running-config show running-config interface interface show running-config | begin interface interface show running-config | begin igrp show ip protocols
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34 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Troubleshooting IGRP The following commands are useful when troubleshooting IGRP: show ip protocols {summary} show ip route debug ip igrp events IGRP protocol events debug ip igrp transactions IGRP protocol transactions ping traceroute
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35 © 2004, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Summary
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