1. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved.

2. Physical and Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood Chapter Sixteen

3. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. I.Old Age Today A.The Graying of the Population B.Aging in Asia C.“Young Old, ” “Old Old,” and “Oldest Old” D.New Environments for an Aging Population

4. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. II.Longevity and Aging A.Trends and Factors in Life Expectancy and Mortality B.How Far Can the Life Span Be Extended? C.Quality versus Quantity of Life D.Why People Age

5. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. III.Physical Changes A.The Aging Brain 1.Loss in Brain Matter 2.Additional Dendrites

6. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. B.Sensory and Psychomotor Functioning 1.Vision 2. Hearing 3.Taste and Smell 4.Strength, Coordination, and Reaction Time

7. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 1.Continued Sexuality 2. Changes and Treatments D.Other Physical Changes 1.Skin 2.Height 3.Decline in Body Systems and Organs C.Sexual Functioning

8. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. IV.Physical and Mental Health A.Health Status and Health Care 1.General Condition 2.White Versus Minority Americans B.Influences on Health: Exercise and Diet 1.Benefits of Exercise 2.Nutrition 3.Dental Care

9. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. C.Mental and Behavioral Disorders 1.Frequency 2.Dementia 3.Alzheimers Disease 4.Which Mental Conditions are Reversible?

10. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. V.Aspects of Cognitive Development A.Intelligence: Does It Grow or Decline? 1.Physical and Psychological Factors 2.Longitudinal Versus Cross-Sectional Results 3.Sequential Testing: The Seattle Longitudinal Study

11. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. 5.Can Older People Improve Their Cognitive Performance? 6.Mechanics and Pragmatics of Intelligence 4.Cognitive Competence and Everyday Tasks

12. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. B.Wisdom: A Province of Old Age? 1.Extension of Postformal Thought 2.Cognitive Ability 3.Are Older People Wiser?

13. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. C.Memory: How Does It Change? 1.Short-Term Memory 2.Long-Term Memory 3.Why Do Some Aspects of Memory Decline? 4.Metamemory: The View From Within 5.Can Older Adults Benefit From Memory Training?

14. Copyright © 1998 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All Rights Reserved. VI.Education A.Educational Background B.Lifelong Learning: Education in Late Life 1.Chinese Program 2.Community Classes 3.College- and University-Based Programs