1. Position on the labour market of elderly people in Russia and Germany Dajev Vitalij Kolotova Elena Khramova Ekaterina

2. The research puzzle

3. The population of elderly people in Russia is growing up

4. The population of elderly people in Germany is growing up

5. Comparison of age pyramides in Russia and Germany

6. The research puzzle The elderly people (50 - 65) are over- represented among the long-term unemployed in both countries They are the first candidates to dismiss and the last to employ Losses of pension system encourage early exit from the labour market in Germany

7. Significance of the study No investigation comparing the situation of elderly people employment in Russia and Germany Russia is on the way to market economy and it needs some experience of the country with developed market economy

8. Tasks To study and to compare labour legislation of Russia and Germany To trace the employment and unemployment dynamics of elderly people in Russia and Germany (East and West). To determine and to compare the factors affecting the employment of elderly people in Russia and East/West Germany. To trace the role of labour legislation for employment of elderly people in both countries. To find out if the factors affecting the employment of elderly people are different in 1994 and 2006.

9. Object & Subject Object – economically active individuals of Russia and Germany at the age of 50 - 65 in 1994-2006 Subject – position of elderly people on the labour market in Russia and Germany in 1994-2006

10. Literature review Underpaid, “mismatching in age”. – Elena Zhidkova; http://socnet.narod.ru/Rubez/16-17/Zhidkova.htm#_ftn1 http://socnet.narod.ru/Rubez/16-17/Zhidkova.htm#_ftn1 Factor affecting retirement. Book 6. p. 3; http://www.dwp.gov.uk/asd/asd5/rports2005-2006/ageposfar6.pdf http://www.dwp.gov.uk/asd/asd5/rports2005-2006/ageposfar6.pdf Anne-Marie Guillemard and Martin Rein. Comparative patterns of retirement: recent trends in developed societies// Annual Review of Sociology, Vol. 19 (1993), p. 474; http://www.jstor.org/stable/2083397http://www.jstor.org/stable/2083397 Source: OECD, 2005c; see: http://epp.eurostat.cec.eu.int/portalhttp://epp.eurostat.cec.eu.int/portal Temporary creative composite authors under the direction of Rzhanicina L. S. Women employment conception. – Moscow, Institute of Economics of Russian Academy of Sciences, 1994; http://www.a-z.ru/women/texts/konzepr.htmhttp://www.a-z.ru/women/texts/konzepr.htm Hedge, J. W. The aging workforce Gender and economy: world experience and expertise of Russian practice/ Compilator and managing editor E. B. Mezenceva. Russian women and men. 2006. Statistical collection/ Rosstat. – M., 2007

11. Methods content analysis to study labour legislation FSGS and SBA statistics to trace the employment and unemployment dynamics of elderly people in Russia and Germany (East and West). RLMS and GSOEP, 1994, 2000, 2006 waves, individuals of Russia and Germany at the age of 50 - 65, who haven’t participated in the survey ever before. To sort out the determinants of employment with binary logistic regression. To compare the influence of determinants between East/West Germany and Russia with Structure Equation Modelling.

12. Operationalization. Binary logistic regression. Individual variables Age category (50-54, 55-59, 60-65) - scale level of health pensioneer status level of education (ordinal) marital status (nominal) number of children (scale) nationality (nominal) Household variables type of population aggregate (ordinal) number of family members (nominal) Husband age (scale) Husband income (scale) Family income (scale) Dependent – Primary work at present (recoding: 1=currently working, 0=not currently working, dummy) Independent

13. Hypotheses Age will have a negative impact on the employment of elderly women and men in Russia and Germany; Elderly men and women employment in Russia will be positively affected by the educational level; Participation of elderly women in the labour force in Germany will be negatively affected by the higher level of education; Marital status decreases the participation probability in the labour force among German women at the age 50 - 65; Marital status increases the participation in the labour market of elderly men in Germany; In Russia having children has a negative impact on the women employment at the age 50-65; In Germany having children increases the participation in the labour force among elderly women who are the head of the family; The influence of the determinants of elderly people employment won’t change from 1994 to 2006 in Russia and Germany (East and West).

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