1. LASE Measurements During IHOP Edward V. Browell, Syed Ismail, Richard A. Ferrare, Susan A Kooi, Anthony Notari, and Carolyn F. Butler NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia Funding provided by Dr. Jim Dodge, NASA Headquarters LASE water vapor, aerosol, & cloud measurements Water vapor comparisons Example of LASE measurements & investigations Status and future activities IHOP Data Workshop, Boulder, CO, 24-26 March 2003

2. LASE Water Vapor, Aerosol, & Cloud Profiling on NASA DC-8 9 June 2002 (Flt. 9) Morning Low Level Jet and Convective Initiation #3 Water vapor profiles - daytime and nighttime - 0.2 km to upper trop. - 0.01 to 25 g/kg - accuracy: 6% or 0.01 g/kg - resolution (variable) vertical: 330 m horizontal: 14 km (1 min) Aerosol/cloud profiles - daytime and nighttime - 0.03 to 25 km -resolution (variable) vertical: 30 m horizontal: 200 m

3. LASE Water Vapor, Aerosol, & Cloud Profiling on NASA DC-8 Water vapor profiles - daytime and nighttime - 0.2 km to upper trop. - 0.01 to 25 g/kg - accuracy: 6% or 0.01 g/kg - resolution (variable) vertical: 330 m horizontal: 14 km (1 min) Aerosol/cloud profiles - daytime and nighttime - 0.03 to 25 km -resolution (variable) vertical: 30 m horizontal: 200 m 9 June 2002 (Flt. 9) Morning Low Level Jet and Convective Initiation #3

4. LASE Measurements during IHOP Acquired data on 8 IHOP science flights

5. Nighttime Daytime LASE Water Vapor Comparisons

6. LASE - Vaisala & H. AERI Water Vapor Comparisons

7. LASE-Dropsonde Water Vapor Comparisons

8. May 24, 2002 CI #1 DC-8 Flight 5 18:28-18:53 UT

9. May 24, 2002 CI #1 DC-8 Flight 5 19:53-20:18 UT

10. LASE CI#2 Flight on 3 June 2002 Dry line and associated convective evolution (3 LASE passes). Capping inversion east of dry line near Homestead (H) ground site. HH H Convection Low Clouds (Descend Under) Dry Line Dry Moist In Situ Measurements

11. June 9, 2002 DC-8 Flight 9 Morning LLJ and CI #3 LLJ

12. Terra MODIS Precipitable Water Vapor Terra MODIS 17:45 UT Near IR PWV Terra MODIS 17:45 UT IR PWV June 9, 2002 DC-8 Flight 9 LASE and Terra MODIS measurements within 1 hour Integrate LASE profiles to derive PWV

13. -104-103-102-101-100-99-98 0 1 2 3 4 5 IHOP June 9, 2002 Latitude 39 N PWV (cm) Longitude MODIS Near IR 17:45 UT MODIS IR 17:45 UT LASE 16:50-17:25 UT MODIS near IR PWV 10-20% higher than LASE MODIS IR PWV 0-30% lower than LASE Results consistent with DOE ARM SGP PWV comparisons (Ferrare et al., 2002) Terra MODIS Precipitable Water Vapor

14. June 9, 2002 DC-8 Flight 9 Morning LLJ and CI #3

15. Forest Fire Smoke June 9, 2002 DC-8 Flight 9 Elevated Smoke Layer HYSPLIT4 backtrajectories show smoke transported from NM fires RH computed from LASE water vapor and S-HIS temperature Increased scattering due to hygroscopic aerosols HYSPLIT4 (HYbrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory) Model, 1997. Web address: http://www.arl.noaa.gov/ready/hysplit4.html, NOAA Air Resources Laboratory, Silver Spring, MD.

16. May 30, 2002 DC-8 Flight 6 Boundary Layer Heterogeneity Start H C H HC

17. June 14, 2002 DC-8 Flight 11 Boundary Layer Evolution start

18. June 14, 2002 DC-8 Flight 11 Boundary Layer Evolution start

19. LASE Data Status and Future Research Activities LASE Data Archived: LASE nadir water vapor and aerosol scattering ratio measurements from DC-8 are in IHOP data archive and images are on web via Lidar Applications Group Home Page at http://asd- www.larc.nasa.gov/lidar/lidar.html (LASE water vapor profiles >400 m AGL)http://asd- www.larc.nasa.gov/lidar/lidar.html Additional LASE Data Processing: Complete extension of LASE water vapor below 400 m to surface and archive by May 2003 Zenith LASE water vapor and aerosol data processing and archiving by September 2003 Research Activities: Collaborate with IHOP Science Team in utilizing LASE data in investigating/evaluating: Development of the convective PBL; Impact on forecasts of CI; Relationship between moisture gradients and LLJ development; Relationships between surface and PBL processes; Impact on quantitative prediction forecasts; Compare water vapor measurements between active and passive sensors for future measurement systems. Produce Relative Humidity (RH) profiles using LASE water vapor and temperature profiles (Scanning HIS, NAST-I, AERI, radiosonde, high resolution model) Compute Precipitable Water Vapor (PWV) using LASE water vapor profiles Retrieve cirrus cloud optical and geometrical thickness from LASE cloud profiles Compare/evaluate other water vapor measurements Investigate relative humidity and aerosol humidification factor Characterize vertical distribution of forest fire smoke during IHOP flights Assess MODIS/MISR aerosol and water vapor measurements