1. TCJ 2O Exam Review This is everything that you will need to study for your exam

2. CONCRETE

3. What are the 4 main ingredients in concrete? Cement Cement Course Aggregates Course Aggregates Fine Aggregates Fine Aggregates Water Water

4. How long do you cure a concrete slab for? 7 Days

5. Name 4 different ways to cure a concrete slab. Which way is best? Cover with sandCover with sand StrawStraw TarpTarp Burlap sacBurlap sac SealantSealant Water is bestWater is best

6. In house construction, what is the lowest point of the foundation that sits on the ground The footing is the lowest part of the foundation

7. Weeping tile, what are they used for, where do they go and what are they covered with? Weeping tile surrounds footing to drain water away from the foundation The tile is covered with minimal 6” of washed stone

8. What are footings placed on? Undisturbed soil Soil that has been compacted to 100%

9. What holds the sill plate in place on the foundation? Anchor Bolts

10. Why is rebar placed in concrete? To increase the tensile strength

11. What holds the concrete walls in place on the footing? Keyway Steel Dowels

12. When does concrete reach design strength? 28 days

13. Know the parts of a concrete wall. Demonstration on board

14. Framing

15. Advantage and disadvantage of a wood beam. Advantage: Readily available Cheaper Last longer in a fire Disadvantage: Shorter spans

16. Advantage and disadvantage of a steel beam. :Advantage: Stronger Longer Spans :Disadvantage: Must be ordered from out of town (pre-ordered) Doesn’t hold up as long in a fire Cost

17. Name three ways that you can hold floor joist up in a house Wood Beam Steel Beam Load Bearing Partition (LBP)

18. What is the most common type of wood used in home building in Northern Ontario Spruce is the most common in Northern Ontario

19. What is the first wood member attached to the foundation? How is it attached? What is the first wood member attached to the foundation? How is it attached? Sill Plate BoltsAnchor Bolts

20. What is placed under sill plate to eliminate small gaps and acts as a barrier between the concrete and wood member? What is placed under sill plate to eliminate small gaps and acts as a barrier between the concrete and wood member? Sill Gasket

21. What are the two types of loads in a house? Give examples of each. What are the two types of loads in a house? Give examples of each. Live Load Refrigerator Couch Movable items Dead Load Structure Walls and Floors

22. What are the advantages of engineered floor joists? What are the advantages of engineered floor joists? Span longer distances Environmentally friendly

23. What is a span? What is a span? Distance between two supporting points

24. What can be done to increase allowable spans? What can be done to increase allowable spans? Glue and screw the floor sheathing Decrease joist spacing Use an Engineered floor system

25. What is bridging and what does it do? Support between the floor joistsSupport between the floor joists They can be a solid block or cross supportsThey can be a solid block or cross supports Keeps your joists straight, adds lateral support and disperses the loadKeeps your joists straight, adds lateral support and disperses the load

26. What are the most common spacings in residential construction? 12” o.c. 16” o.c. 24” o.c.

27. What is R-Value 6”= R-?, 4”= R-? The resistance of transfer of heat from a warm area to a cold area 6” = R20 or R22 4” = R12 or R13

28. What does an air barrier do and where does it go? Air barrier keeps the moisture and wind out of structure while allowing structure to breath Goes on the outside wall under the siding

29. Where do we place the vapour barrier and what does it do? We place it on the warm side of the wall.

30. Why must exterior sheathing have a 2mm gap? You require to have a 2mm gap to allow for expansion

31. Why do we use insulation? To increase the R-value which reduces the transfer of heat from a warm zone to a cold zone It keeps your home warmer

32. Roof trusses vs rafters (advantages, disadvantages, support, spacing etc…) Roof trusses do not require inside support Rafters cannot span as long but they are spaced closer

33. Woodworking

34. When should safety glasses be worn in the construction shop? Safety glasses should be worn at all times in the shop If anyone is working with any tools, glasses must be put on by everyone

35. Where should you stand when cutting on the table saw? Stand to the left

36. Name 4 different types of wood joints. Mitre Joint Lap joint Mortise and Tenon Dado Rabbet Butt

37. Summary of Wood Joints Wood Joints Name: Lap Joint Strength: Strength of Joint Weakness: Fasteners are shown Name: Mitre Joint Strength: Decorative Joint Weakness: No strength to joint Name: Dovetail Joint Strength: Strength Weakness: Setup time to create Name: Dowel Joint Strength: Fasteners can be hidden Weakness: Setup time to create Name: Butt Joint Strength: Simple/Fast Weakness: Fasteners are shown Name: Dado Joint Strength: Strength/Professional Weakness: Setup time to create Name: Rabbet Joint Strength: Simple/Provides support Weakness: End grain exposed Name: Mortise & Tenon Strength: Strength/Appearance Weakness: Setup time to create

38. What do annular rings on the end of a piece of wood signify and how do we use this when building a project? They represent the annual growing cycle of each year which shows the age of the tree They also represent the heart and bark sides so that they can be rotated to minimize warping

39. What size board is equal to one board foot? A board that is 1” thick and measures 1’ x 1’ or 12” x 12”

40. Why do we glue several small pieces of wood to make larger pieces? We glue several pieces of small wood to make wider one to reduce warping and cracking due to shrinkage

41. What steps are required to take a piece of rough lumber and bring it down to exact size? A.Cut to rough length (mitre saw) B.Remove warpage on 1 face and 1 edge (jointer) C.Bring to exact thickness (planer)

42. …continued D.Rip to exact width (table saw) E.Square one end and cut, measure exact length and cut (mitre saw)

43. Give examples of layout tools Layout tools are those that help you mark your wood E.g. try square, combination square, measuring tape, t-bevel, ect……..

44. What would you use to transfer a layout line from one piece of wood to another? You would use a sliding T-bevel

45. Tools

46. What safety precautions must you take when changing a blade on the table saw? Power switch must be turned off but you must also TAG OUT to isolate the power to the machine

47. What part keeps wood from being thrown back at operator (table saw)? Anti kickback fingers

48. What part keeps wood from coming back together (table saw)? splitter

49. How high should the blade guide be above your work when cutting on the band saw? No more than 3/8” or a pencil width

50. On the disk sander, where should you place your wood and why? You should place your wood on the downstroke side Reduces dust in your face Have better control of your wood

51. When is a push stick needed on the jointer, when can you use your hands but where should your hands never cross Anything lower than then fence You can use your hands if the wood is above the fence but hands should not cross cutterhead

52. Construction Math

53. How to read a measuring tape? Label the dimensions. You will have a picture of a measuring tape and you will have to label the dimensions

54. Estimate board feet and cost of a project using proper formula for full marks Thickness x width x length 144 Equals board feet Total board feet x cost per bd. Ft Equals cost Don’t forget your statement for full marks

55. Blueprint Reading You will be asked to answer questions that relate to the blueprint you used for your assignment, please see me if you are not sure how to do this

56. Thanks for the Great Year

57. Good luck on your exams