1. Victory and Defeat in the Greek World
Chapter 5 Section 3

2. Things to keep in mind
What were the results of the Persian and Peloponnesian wars?
Why did Athens enjoy a Golden age under Pericles?
What led to the outbreak of the Peloponnesian wars?

3. The Persian Wars
Athens was the wealthiest Greek City-State by 500 B.C.
Threat came the Persians
Look at the map on page 113

5. Athens (the Acropolis)

7. Marathon Persian Emperor Darius sent a large force to punish Athens.
Persian Army landed at Marathon
Athenian forces were outnumbered 2-1
Athenians forced the Persians to retreat

8. The run of Pheidippides
Carried news of the Victory to Athens
26.2 Miles
Marathon
Died when he reached Athens

9. Predicting the future
Themistocles, the leader of Athens, urged Athens to build a fleet of warships to prepare for future attacks

10. Xerxes sends more troops
The son of Darius sends more troops from the Persian Empire
Athens had joined forces with Sparta to prevent a loss to the Persian Empire

12. Thermopylae A small mountain pass guarded by a small Spartan force
Spartan force led by King Leonidas
Held for a long period of time but could not withstand the force of the Persian Army
(view a movie scene from 300)

14. Persians march on Attack and burn Athens, but no one is there
Athens retreated to safety

15. Themistocles was right
Using the fleet he had urged them to build, the Athenians defeated the Persian fleet in the Straight of Salamis
Athens defeated the Persians 1 year later
Athens and Sparta defeated the Persian threat

16. Xerxes was sure of victory
Xerxes was sure of victory. He had his throne placed on a hill overlooking the sea, in part to savor his victory and in part so his commanders would know that their king was watching them.
      

17. Results of the Persian War
Increased their belief in their superiority
Athens was the most powerful city-state
Greece is still worried about the Persian Empire

18. Delian League
Made up of Greek City States who wanted to protect themselves from Persia
Athens dominated the League
Moved the Treasury from Delos to Athens
Used Delian League $ to rebuild their city

19. The Delian League

20. The Age of Pericles Golden Age for Athens
Thriving economy and increased democracy
Athenians had a Direct Democracy
Rebuilt the Acropolis
With the help of Aspasia, Pericles turned Athens into the center of Greek Culture

22. Greeks vs. Greeks
Resentment of the Power of Athens causes Sparta and other Greek countries to form the Peloponnesian League
Peloponnesian government = Oligarchy
Delian government = Democracy
A 27 year war was about to start

24. The Peloponnesian War
Athens had a geographic disadvantage: Sparta was located inland

25. Good thought. Bad Result.
In an attempt to save the people outside the city, Pericles allows everyone inside the walls of Athens
The Plague strikes as a result of the overcrowding

26. Bad leadership The Plague kills Pericles himself
Power Struggles in Athens undermined the cities Democratic Government

27. Did not see this one coming
Sparta allies itself with The Persian Empire
The Spartans defeat Athens

28. Sparta after the War Will lose to Thebes, another Greek city-state
A new power is rising in Macedonia