2. Restless Electrons 4.1.2 Transfer of Charge

3. Good Conductor/ Poor Insulator Allows electrons to flow freely. Good Insulator/ Poor Conductor Strongly resists flow of electrons. Conductive Properties of Materials HIGH CONDUCTIVITY LOW CONDUCTIVITY LOW RESISTIVITY HIGH RESISTIVITY

4. Charging by Friction Rub two insulators together ELECTRONS move from one to the other One object becomes + the other - RULE #1 – ONLY ELECTRONS MOVE

7. ----- - - - - Grounding Symbol: Grounding Since the Earth is very large it can neutralize: negative objects by ABSORBING electrons positive objects by RELEASING electrons ++++ RULE #2 – GROUNDING MAKES AN OBJECT NEUTRAL

8. 2 + - 1 - + 3 + - - + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - +- Induction – Negative Rod ANIMATE NEXT RULE #3 – ELECTRONS FLOW TOWARD LESS NEGATIVE/MORE POSTIVE AREAS Induction – movement of charge without contact

9. 3 + - - + 2 1 + - - + + + + + + + + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -+ Induction – Positive Rod ANIMATE NEXT RULE #4 – INDUCTION = POLARIZATION Induction – movement of charge without contact

10. 3 - 2 - e-e- 1 + - - + -- - - - - -- - Conduction – Negative Rod - - - - - - - - - - - ANIMATE NEXT Conduction – movement of charge with contact RULE #5 – CHARGING BY CONDUCTION GIVES SAME CHARGE

11. 3 + 2 + e-e- - - - - - - - - + Conduction – Positive Rod + + + + + + + + + ANIMATE NEXT Conduction – movement of charge with contact RULE #5 – CHARGING BY CONDUCTION GIVES SAME CHARGE 1 + - - +

12. The Electroscope - - UNCHARGEDCHARGED LEAVES

13. - - - - - - Induction – Negative Rod ANIMATE NEXT - -+- e-e- e-e- 1 RULE #4 2 + -- e-e- 3

14. 3 + + + + + + + + + Induction – Positive Rod ANIMATE NEXT - +-+ e-e- e-e- RULE #4 12 - ++ e-e-

15. 2 - -- e-e- - -- 3 - -- ANIMATE NEXT - --- - - - - - - e-e- e-e- Charging by Conduction – Negative Rod RULE #5 4 e-e- 51

16. 52 - -- e-e- + ++ 3 + ++ 14 e-e- Charging by Conduction – Positive Rod ANIMATE NEXT - +++ + + + + + + + + + e-e- e-e- RULE #5

17. 6 e-e- 213 + e-e- + + 4 + ++ Charging by Induction – Negative Rod ANIMATE NEXT - +++ - - - - - - e-e- e-e- RULE #6 5 + ++

18. 6 e-e- 213 - e-e- - - 4 - -- Charging by Induction – Positive Rod ANIMATE NEXT - --- + + + + + + + + + e-e- e-e- RULE #6 5 - -- RULE #6 – CHARGING BY INDUCTION GIVES OPPOSITE CHARGE

19. End of 5.1.2 - PRACTICE