1. Solids, Liquids and Gases Ch 3 Section 3.1

2. Describing States of Matter  Materials can be classified as solids, liquids or gases based on whether their shapes and volumes are definite ( unchanging ) or variable ( changing )  Shape and volume are clues as to how particles are arranged

3. Solids  Material has definite shape and volume  Almost all solids have some type of orderly arrangement on the atomic level

4. Liquids  Material has definite volume, but not a definite shape  Liquids always take the shape of their containers

5. Gases  Material has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume  Gas takes the shape and volume of its container  Gases can be compressed or expanded

6. Other states of matter  On Earth, almost all matter exists as a solid, liquid or gas; at extremely high temperatures plasma exists  Plasma – ionized gas (more in Ch 10)  BEC (Bose-Einstein condensate) – occurs at absolute zero (-273°C) A group of atoms behaving a one single particle A group of atoms behaving a one single particle Still not fully understoodStill not fully understood

7. OTHER STATES OF MATTER

8. Kinetic Theory  Kinetic energy – energy an object has due to motion  Kinetic theory of matter – all particles of matter are in constant motion

9. Particles in a Solid A solid is made up of particles which vibrate around a fixed or central position Particle of a solid Particles do not swap positions in a solid AB

10. Particles in a Liquid A liquid is made up of particles which move about and hit each other A liquid particle Particles can swap position in a liquid by moving past each other A B

11. Particles in a gas A gas is made up of particles which move about much more quickly than in a liquid and often hit each other, they are in constant, random motion A gas particle It is the particles colliding with the sides of a container which cause the pressure A B

12. Copy on your notes and replace each letter with one of these phrases: Definite volume, Variable volume, Definite shape, Variable shape Solid Liquid Gas A_______ B ___________C ________ D ________

13. Copy on your notes and replace each letter with one of these phrases: Definite volume, Variable volume, Definite shape, Variable shape Solid Liquid Gas Definite Shape Definite Volume Variable Shape Variable Volume