1. Section 2.1 The Nature of Matter What Are We Made Of? What are little boys made of? Frogs and snails and puppy-dogs' tails, That's what little boys are made of. What are little girls made of? Sugar and spice and all that's nice, That's what little girls are made of.

2. Section 2.1 The Nature of Matter Objectives 1.To learn about the composition of matter 2.To learn the difference between elements and compounds 3.To define the three states of matter

3. Section 2.1 The Nature of Matter The Composition of Matter Empedocles, 492-432 B.C. a Greek philosopher thought that matter was made up of four elements: Democritus, 460 – 370 B.C. viewed matter as being made of atomos but he had no way of testing his hypothesis. That had to wait for another 2000 years….

4. Section 2.1 The Nature of Matter A. The Particulate Nature of Matter Matter has mass and occupies space. It is composed of tiny particles called atoms. One atom of aluminum is about 0.000000000000000 000000003 cubic centimeters in volume

5. Section 2.1 The Nature of Matter B. Elements and Compounds Elements Elements contain only one type of atom – elemental copper contains only copper atoms and elemental gold contains only gold atoms. What other elements occur, as pure elements, in nature?

6. Section 2.1 The Nature of Matter B. Elements and Compounds Compounds Compounds are substances that contain two or more different types of atoms in a specific ratio. How does the ratio of C to O in different samples of carbon monoxide differ?

7. Section 2.1 The Nature of Matter Atoms and Molecules An Atom is the smallest particle that an Element can be divided into without losing its identity A Molecule is the smallest particle that a Compound can be divided into without losing its identity But you will also hear O 2, H 2, N 2 etc. referred to as molecules

8. Section 2.1 The Nature of Matter C. The States of Matter Matter exists in three states: –Solid: a rigid substance with a definite shape –Liquid: has a definite volume but takes the shape of its container –Gas: takes the shape and volume of its container How do the volumes of solid, liquid and gaseous water compare? What is in between the molecules?

9. Section 2.1 The Nature of Matter Where else are transitions between states of matter important? 1912 Titanic Sinks