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The Trunk and Spinal Column
Chapter 12 The Trunk and Spinal Column
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Skull Vomer Nasal Conchae Parietal Palatine Frontal Sphenoid Ethmoid
Occipital Lacrimal Nasal External Occipital Protuberance Maxilla Temporal Zygomatic Vomer Sphenoid Mastoid Process Mandible Superior Nuchal Line (3rd picture #2) Label
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Vertebra Intervertebral Foramen Spinous Process Articular Processes
Lamina Transverse Processes Pedicle Vertebral Foramen Body Label
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Vertebral Column Regional Structures Cervical (7) Thoracic (12)
. Transverse Foramen Atlas Axis (Odontoid Process) Thoracic (12) Lumbar (5) Median Sacral Crest Sacral Canal Sacral Foramen Sacral Hiatus Superior Articular Facet Superior Sacral Notch Coccyx (4) Bifed Spinous Process Superior & Inferior Costal Facets Transverse Costal Facets Sacral (5)
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Sternum Jugular Notch Clavicular Notch Manubrium Sternal Angle
Costal Notches Body Transverse Ridges Xyphoid Process LABEL
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Rib Cage Superior Border Tubercle Costal Angle Neck Head
Inferior Border True (7) Costal Groove I wasn’t sure about the ones that stay there permanantly Shaft False (3) Floating (2) Label Label
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Joints Atlantooccipital Atlantoaxial
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Vertebral Facet Joints
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Intervertebral Disks Annulus Fibrosis Nucleus Pulposus
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Ligaments Ligamentum Nuchae Intertransverse Supraspinal
Anterior Longitudinal Posterior Longitudinal Interspinal Ligamentum Flavum
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Ligaments Posterior Longitudinal Ligament Ligamenta Flava
Anterior Longitudinal Ligament
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Movements and Range of Motion
Cervical Region: Flexion 45° Extension 45° Lateral Flexion 45° Rotation 60° Lumbar Region: Flexion 20° to 30° Extension 20° to 30° Lateral Flexion 35° Rotation 45°
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Major Muscles of the Spine
Sternocleidomastoid Strengthen Stretch
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Major Muscles of the Spine
Splenius Cervicus Strengthen Stretch
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Major Muscles of the Spine
Splenius Capitis Strengthen Stretch
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Major Muscles of the Spine
Erector Spinae Spinalis Strengthen Stretch
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Major Muscles of the Spine
Erector Spinae Longissimus Strengthen Stretch
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Major Muscles of the Spine
Erector Spinae Iliocostalis Strengthen Stretch
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Major Muscles of the Spine
Quadratus Lumborum Strengthen Stretch
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Muscles of the Abdominal Wall
Rectus Abdominis Strengthen Stretch
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Muscles of the Abdominal Wall
Internal Oblique Strengthen Stretch
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Muscles of the Abdominal Wall
External Oblique Strengthen Stretch
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Muscles of the Abdominal Wall
Transverse Abdominis
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Lordosis Excessive anterior curvature of the lumbar spine Causes
Characteristics Relationship of ASIS to PSIS Relationship to low back pain? How to strengthen Tight/Inflexible Muscles How to stretch Anterior Pelvic Tilt Abdominal protrusion Weak Muscles
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Scoliosis Signs of Scoliosis Lateral deviation(s) of the spine Causes
Characteristics Incidence Classification Curvature & Rotational Deformity Signs of Scoliosis Simple “C” Compound “S” Treatment
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