2.  Present in Snake, Clearwater, and Salmon River drainages  Provide valuable fishery  Well documented variation in ocean life history (A vs B run)  High variation in freshwater habitat characteristics  Freshwater life history not extensively studied in Idaho  ESA listed in 1997

3.  Abundance  How many of them are there?  Productivity  How well do they reproduce & survive?  Spatial structure  Where are they?  Diversity  What are they like?

4.  No population specific data  Used aggregate A-run, B- run data for adults at Lower Granite Dam  Divided abundance to population within run-type  Assumed all had same run- type productivity  Limited information on life history or spatial structure

5.  Compare/contrast freshwater life history data  Examine implications for population productivity

6. East Fork Potlatch River Crooked Fork Creek Fish Creek Rapid River Big Bear Creek

7. Little Salmon (A-run) Lower Clearwater (A-run) Lochsa(B-run)

8. StreamElevation (ft) Annual Precipitation (in) GeologyLand use Big Bear Creek1200-498322-30 Loess/volcanic ash Agriculture East Fork Potlatch River 2685-440022-45 Volcanic ash/loess Forestry Fish Creek2000-654030-55 Volcanic ash/granite Limited Forestry Crooked Fork Creek 3442-634035-55 Volcanic ash/granite Forestry Rapid River2100-866014-30 Colluvium/ basalt Wilderness

9.  Use 2008 emigrant data from screw traps  Abundance, scale samples, PIT tags  Metrics  Emigrant abundance  Timing from natal stream  Age composition  Length at age  Detections in Snake/Columbia hydrosystem

10.  Compare/contrast freshwater life history data

11. StreamSpringSummerFall Big Bear Creek3,4921,245670 East Fork Potlatch River 1,9122,7063,749 Fish Creek7513,23611,960 Crooked Fork63,67937,8793,431 Rapid River2,3801,1211,664

12. Spring Summer Fall

13. Age -0 Age -1 Age -2 Age -3 Age -4

15. StreamSpring tagsSummer tagsFall tags Big Bear Creek0.540.160.13 East Fork Potlatch River 0.270.200.16 Fish Creek0.400.350.43 Crooked Fork Creek 0.620.410.55 Rapid River0.540.040.33 Spring tags detected in year of tagging (Sp 2008) Summer and fall tags detected year after tagging (Sp 2009) Summer and fall tags detected year after tagging (Sp 2009)

16.  A variety of life history strategies observed between the populations  Juvenile rearing completed within natal streams and downstream reaches  Lower elevation populations have younger age structure than high elevation

17.  Examine implications for population productivity

18.  Use abundance, age structure, & assumed survival to estimate initial fry abundance  Use abundance & apparent migration survival to LGD to estimate smolt production  Productivity measure is smolts per fry

19. Natal Stream Annual Survival StreamS = 0.5S = 0.33 Big Bear Creek 0.138 (1.00)0.066 (1.00) EFK Potlatch River 0.083 (0.60)0.045 (0.68) Fish Creek 0.106 (0.77)0.042 (0.63) Crooked Fork 0.074 (0.54)0.019 (0.29) Rapid River 0.058 (0.42)0.017 (0.26) Survival Relative to Big Bear Creek in parentheses Survival Relative to Big Bear Creek in parentheses

20.  Productivity differences within Technical Recovery Team populations  (Fish Cr v. Crooked Fk / Big Bear v. EFK Potlatch)  Decreasing natal stream survival increases relative advantage of Big Bear & EFK Potlatch  B-run populations need increased smolt-adult survival & fecundities to make up for older age structure

21.  Variation in freshwater life history important to population stability  Low elevation populations very resilient  Results similar to genetic & parr density studies  High “value” of habitat restoration projects for lower elevation populations  Further investigations of high elevation & Salmon River populations