1. Category 4 Test

2. 1A woman running in a marathon requires a constant supply of oxygen to her muscles. Which cells carry oxygen to muscle tissue? F Artery cells G Red blood cells H Nerve cells J Lung cells

3. 2The single-celled organisms shown above live in water. What is the main function of the structures identified by the arrows? A Absorbing water B Removing wastes C Helping with motion D Getting food

4. Javelina Facts 3From information in the table, javelinas are best described as — A decomposers B producers C omnivores D carnivores Height50–60 cm Length87–102 cm Mass14–30 kg Top speed40–55 km/h Fur colorsDark brown to black Tusk length3–3.5 cm Average lifespan10 years HabitatsDesert, grassland, forest FoodCacti, roots, leaves, insect larvae, worms, lizards, eggs Main predatorsMountain lions, coyotes, bobcats, humans, jaguars

5. 4A grassland community is pictured above. Grasses are considered— A secondary consumers B primary consumers C decomposers D producers

6. 5For rabbits, having long hair is an advantage over having short hair in environments with — F high levels of rain G a large number of competitors H low temperatures J few predators

7. 6During primary ecological succession, the initial formation of soil helps establish — F grasses G mushrooms H shrubs J trees

8. 7While Mrs. Ludlum is driving on a wet road, her car begins to skid. She regains control of the car and pulls off the road. She feels light-headed, and her feet and hands feel cold. These sensations are the body’s reaction to a — A rise in humidity B stressful situation C centrifugal force D decrease in motion

9. 8In order to survive in the Arctic tundra, a mammal must have the ability to — F reduce heat loss G digest lichens H travel across snow J obtain water from ice

10. 9Which of the following processes helps the body maintain chemical balance? F Tears washing away dust from the eyes G Rib bones protecting internal organs H Hair growing faster in winter months J Cells using sugar in the blood

11. 10According to this food web, which insect group is most beneficial to the Chinese banyan tree? A Parasitic wasps B Mealybugs C Tussock moths D Leaf miners

12. 11In the food web above, which of the following organisms feeds on the largest variety of different producers? ABCD

13. 12An increase in which of the following factors will most likely result in an increase in the size of a population? A Food B Predators C Competitors D Temperature

14. 13The picture above shows four varieties of the same species of grass that grow in a prairie ecosystem. Which variety has the best chance of surviving a long period of dry weather? A Variety 1 B Variety 2 C Variety 3 D Variety 4

15. 14Which of the following is least affected by seasonal environmental conditions? F The pattern in a tiger’s fur G The dropping of tree leaves H The sprouting of acorns JThe migration of gray whales

16. 15This Punnett square shows the results of a cross between a tall (Tt) corn plant and a short (tt) corn plant. According to this information, what percent of the offspring were tall? F 0% G 25% H 50% J 75%

17. Red-eyed--Rr Brown-eyed—rr 16In Drosophila melanogaster (fruit flies), red eye color (R) is dominant over brown eye color (r). If the flies in the picture were crossed, what percent of their offspring would be expected to have brown eyes? Record and bubble in your answer on the answer document.

18. 17Glossy leaves are smooth and shiny. What percent of offspring from the cross shown above will have glossy leaves? A 0% B 25% C 50% D 100%

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29. 28 The Couch’s spadefood is adapted to a certain type of Environment. Which of these resources is most likely scarce in this environment? A.SoilB. Sunlight C. WaterD. Oxygen

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