1. Project Management Unit 8

2. Executing and Controlling Executing and controlling serve as input to each other In this unit Execution related to contract work Administration of contract work Quality Assurance Integrated Change Control

3. Contracting Life Cycle In Unit 5, we covered Procurement Planning Solicitation Planning Solicitation Requesting vendors to compete for the project Bidders Conferences Advertising

4. Bidder Conference Prearranged meeting Prospective vendors attend to get clarification All vendors attend the meeting at the same time. Advertising Newspapers Professional Journals etc Internet

5. Source Selection Receive the bids and proposals Apply Source Selection Criteria Contract negotiation Screening Systems Weighting Systems Apply weight to each of the evaluation criteria, and decide the total score for each of the vendors Independent Estimates

6. Contract Administration Monitoring vendor’s performance throughout the project Work Results (deliverables, quality, and cost) Change Requests –Change in deliverables –Change in contract terms –Arbitration when two parties cannot come to a conclusion. Third party involvement to avoid going to court. –Seller Invoices

7. Quality Assurance Quality planning process lays out the quality standards for the project. Quality Control Work results are monitored to see if they meet relevant quality standards. If the results do not meet the quality standards, then the root cause analysis is done, and the cause is eliminated. Inspection oriented.

8. Quality Assurance Performing quality audits to determine how the project is doing Typically a managerial process. The overall performance is evaluated to ensure the project meets relevant quality standards. Output : Quality Improvements Quality improvements may need Change Requests (or corrective actions) Can be scheduled at key intervals within a project.

9. Quality Control Inspections are needed to prove the performance, and compare with the requirements. Inspections could be in the form of (some examples) Reviews Work Product Reviews Code Walkthroughs

10. Control Chart Typically used in areas where there are repetitive activities : manufacturing Mean Assignable Cause Upper and Lower Control Limits

11. Upper and Lower Control limits are at +/- 3 standard deviations. (σ) Know these values LimitPercentage +/- 1 sigma68.26 percent +/- 2 sigma95.46 percent +/- 3 sigma99.73 percent +/- 6 sigma99.99 percent

12. If all control points fall within plus or minus three standard deviations, then the process is in control. Or else, the process is out of control, and corrective action is needed. Pareto Chart The 80/20 rule A small number of causes create the majority of the problems.

13. Statistical Sampling Taking a sample from the population and studying the variances Quality plan will tell you when to pass or fail the lot based on the results of the sample. Results of Quality Control Rework Process adjustments

14. Integrated Change Control Changes come about for many reasons Team members may recommend a better, more efficient way of doing a job Requirements change …….. Consider impact to the triple constraints Not all changes are implemented. Some changes may produce positive results.

15. Change Control Board (CCBs)decide the ‘fate’ of a change. Configuration Management Is a subset of change control process.