1. Civil Rights Advocates Late 1800’s – Early 1900’s

2. The Matter of Civil Rights The Promises of the Civil War Amendments 13 th Abolished slavery 14 th guaranteed citizenship and equal protection of the laws 15 th stated that right to vote could not be denied due to race, color or previous condition of servitude Reality of life in the late 1800’s Vote was denied by poll taxes, literacy tests, KKK Jim Crow laws required legal segregation based on race Economic opportunities were limited by lack of education and skills

3. Booker T. Washington Born a slave Founder of Tuskegee Institute Believed in Vocational education( skill based) Wrote autobiography Up From Slavery Conciliatory approach to civil rights “Pull yourself up by your own boot straps”

4. W.E.B. DuBois Born in North a freeman Well educated (Harvard) Founder of the Niagara Movement → NAACP ( National Association for the Advancement of Colored People) Educate according to ability More direct, militant approach to civil rights

5. Ida Wells Born to slave parents Teacher/Journalist One of founding members of NAACP Anti-lynching campaign, suffragist “One had better die fighting injustice than die like a dog or a rat in a trap”