1. Plate Tectonics

4. Continental drift – Wegner’s idea that states continents have moved horizontally along Earth’s surface to their present positions

5. The drawbacks to continental drift

6. Pangaea – one supercontinent

7. Plates are constantly moving

8. Plate Boundary Features

9. Evidence that supports Continental Drift 1. Continents fit together like puzzle pieces.

10. Going Back in Time!!! 230 mya

11. Evidence that supports Continental Drift 2.Matching rock layers that were found on Africa and South America.

12. Evidence that supports Continental Drift 3. Matching fossils of land-based dinosaurs such as Mesosaurus in the southern region of both Africa and South America.

13. Evidence that supports Continental Drift 4.Ancient Climates – Evidence of ice sheets on continents. Tropical plant fossils found in the rocks of Antarctica.

14. Evidence that supports Continental Drift (seafloor spreading) Harry Hess 5. Polarity of ocean crust Earth’s poles reverse over and over so the iron in the basaltic ocean crust points in different directions. (look at animation!!!!) PaleomagnitismPaleomagnitismPaleomagnitismPaleomagnitism 20km http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es0803/es0803pa ge01.cfm?chapter_no=visualization

15. Seafloor Spreading and Magnetization

17. Glomar Challenger

18. Evidence that supports Continental Drift (seafloor spreading) Age of ocean rock The Glomar Challenger was a drilling ship that found that the youngest ocean rock is near the rift zones and gets older the further away you get from them. Red – Young Yellow – Average Blue - Old

19. Convergent Boundaries – Coming together Subduction – trenches form

21. Convergent Divergent Subduction

22. Asthenosphere underneath

23. Divergent Plate Boundary Mid-Ocean Ridge Rift Valley Young Ocean Floor Old Ocean Floor

24. Divergent Boundary Place on the Earth’s crust where the plates are moving away from each other. Rift Valley Mid-Oceanic Ridges *Tension Forces New Ocean Floor Creation

25. Two plates moving against one another

26. Strike-Slip (Transform)

27. Transform Fault / Strike Slip (Shearing force)

28. San Andreas fault (California) Transform Fault/ Strike-Slip Boundary

30. Two Continental Plates

31. Continental Plates Collide

32. Continental Plates

33. Form Mountains (Himalayas, Ural)

34. Convergent Margins: India-Asia Collision I

37. Convergent Boundary Occur in areas where two tectonic plates are colliding into one another. Continental Plate Oceanic Plate Subduction http://www.classzone. com/books/earth_scie nce/terc/content/visual izations/es0808/es080 8page01.cfm?chapter _no=visualization

38. Continental-Continental Convergence Two low density granitic plates colliding creates mountains like the Himalayas (Mt. Everest)

39. Oceanic-Continental Convergent Boundaries (Subduction)

40. Oceanic plate in water

41. Continent Oceanic Crust WET

42. Subduction!!!!! Magma Chamber

44. Oceanic-Continental Convergence Pressure eventually melts the oceanic plate creating less dense magma that comes to the surface through continental volcanic arcs (Andes). More dense oceanic plate Less dense continental plate Subduction Zone!!!!

45. Yummy!

46. ANDES

47. Oceanic-Oceanic Convergent Volcanoes form on the ocean floor creating volcanic islands arcs. (Philippines, Japan)

48. Hotspots (like Hawaii) The Hawaiian Islands were formed as the Pacific Plate moved in a Northwesterly direction over a hot spot. The hot spot never moves. Magma spurts out of the hot spot creating a volcanic island chain. Seamounts

50. Quiz – Part 1 Indicate divergent, convergent, transform

51. Quiz!!!!! 1.What is the name of the ancient super continent. 2.Who proposed the theory of Continental Drift? 3.Name three pieces of evidence that support continental drift. 4.Draw a convergent Oceanic-Continental boundary. Label all features. 5.Name a famous transform fault.