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Published byDwayne McCarthy Modified over 9 years ago
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The State of the New World Order With cross border travel & trade, transnational capital investment & the internet national boundaries are losing importance as are national governments Yet states not provinces or regions maintain armed forces and enter into multinational military alliances. Perhaps a multi-polar world will emerge with 5-6 clusters of regions with a dominant power.
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Globalization Expansion of economic, social and cultural interactions Financial & trade links tie people together (US has never bombed a country with a McDonalds) Multinational corporations in transnational legal & political environment have taken major roles – Hollywood films worldwide – Italian fashions in Japan – Mexican soap operas in Russia – Southern Mexican activists used internet to gain world-wide support – Spice Girls were popular in Africa & Australia
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Notions of Democracy June, 1989 Democracy Movement in Tiananmen Square led to a massacre 1997 British finally democratized Hong Kong before turning it over to the People ’ s Republic of China. 1994 with the end of apartheid, the first universal elections in South Africa. However, some African ruling elites see no contradiction in a one-party democracy
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Growing Influence of Religion Ironically in an era of science & secularism-millions of people are turning to religion Religious fundamentalism on the rise in areas of oppression & where prospects of democracy are dim. Shiite fundamentalists led to the fall of the Shah of Iran in 1979 Algeria-Islamic fundamentalists ready to gain majority in 1992 so govt. canceled elections-violence erupted.
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Redrawing the Map Problem-the antiquated state boundary network. Supranationalism & devolution are symptoms of this problem. Rapid decolonization after World War II and the collapse of Communism in the late 80s & 1990s drastically changed the boundaries. A critical issue is the diffusion of nuclear weapons
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The Domino Theory The domino theory holds that destabilization from any cause in one country can result in the collapse of order in a neighboring country-a chain of events that can affect a whole region. Indochina War (1964-1975) US backed South Vietnam in a struggle against communist North Vietnam-war expanded into Laos & Cambodia-US feared it would lead to communist expansion in Thailand, Malaysia, Burma & so on-didn ’ t happen. Yet domino theory has validity-in 1989 the fall of communism followed the domino effect, instability in Yugoslavia followed the same pattern-other examples religious extremism, economic and environmental causes can cause spreading havoc.
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Multinational State – A state with more than one nation. Slobadan Milosevic, leader of Serbia launched 4 Balkan Wars that killed 250,000 & left 2.5 million homeless The Former Yugoslavia
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Multistate Nation – A nation with more than one state. Transylvania – homeland for both Romanians and Hungarians.
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Two Waves of Decolonization First wave – focused on decolonization of the Americas Second wave – focused on decolonization of Africa and Asia
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