1. ID1 THE INTERNATIONAL DATING VIOLENCE STUDY** The work was supported by National Institute of Mental Health grant T32MH15161 and the University of New Hampshire. A STUDY OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN 34 COUNTRIES

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5. 5 PURPOSE 2: TEST THEORIES ABOUT THE CAUSESOF VIOLENCE AGAINST PARTNERS EXAMPLES ANTI-SOCIAL PERSONALITY ALCOHOL ABUSE ANGER MANAGEMENT SKILL DOMINANCE OF ONE PARTNER COMMUNICATION PROBLEMS CRIMINALITY GENDER HOSTILITY GENDER INEQUALITY SOCIAL INTEGRATION SOCIAL STRESS VIOLENT CHILD REARING VIOLENT CULTURAL NORMS

6. ID6 SOME FINDINGS ON RATES OF ASSULT AND INJURY

7. ID7 MEASURE OF PHYSICAL ASSAULT Minor Physical Assault:  Threw something at partner that could hurt  Twisted my partner’s arm or hair  Pushed or shoved my partner  Grabbed my partner  Slapped my partner Severe Physical Assault:  Used knife or gun on partner on my partner  Punched or hit my partner with something that could hurt  Choked my partner  Slammed my partner against a wall  Beat up my partner  Burned or scalded my partner  Kicked my partner coefficient of reliability =.86.

8. ID8 North AmericaLatin America EuropeAsia & Middle East

9. ID9 North AmericaLatin America EuropeAsia & Middle East

10. ID10 CTS2

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12. ID12 CTS2

13. ID13 North AmericaLatin America EuropeAsia & Middle East

14. ID14 North AmericaLatin America EuropeAsia & Middle East

15. ID15 CONCLUSIONS HIGH RATES OF ASSAULT AND SEXUAL COERCION IN ALL COUNTRIES THE INJURY DATA SHOWS THAT MANY ASSAULTS ARE NOT TRIVIAL RATES OF PERPETRATION BY WOMEN AND MEN ARE SIMILAR, EXCEPT MEN CAUSE MORE INJURY MORE MEN PHYSICALLY FORCE SEX RESULTS ARE CONSISTENT WITH OTHER STUDIES OF STUDENTS CULTURAL DIFFERENCES ARE PRESENT BUT NOT USUALLY VERY LARGE

16. ID16 SOME FINDINGS ON RISK FACTORS FOR VIOLENCE AGAINST A DATING PARTNER

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25. ID25 RISK FACTORS FOR PSYSYCHOLOGICAL AGGRESSION (VERBAL ATTACKS) * RISK FACTORSARE SIMILAR TO RISK FACTORS FOR PHYSICAL ASSAULT * PROBABLY BECAUSE PSYCHOLGICAL AND PHYSICAL ATTACKS ARE HIGHLY CORRELATED

26. ID26 CTS2

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28. ID28 CONCLUSIONS VIOLENCE AGAINST DATING PARTNERS HAS MANY “CAUSES” (“RISK FACTORS”) THE “CAUSES” OF VIOLENCE AGAINST PARTNERS ARE SIMILAR FOR MEN AND WOMEN EACH ADDITONAL RISK FACTOR INCREASE THE PROBABILITY OF VIOLENCE, BUT NONE GUARANTEE IT MOST OF THE RISK FACTORS ARE THINGS THAT CAN BE CHANGED

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30. ID30 ST0P

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34. ID34 THE CONFLICT TACTICS SCALES PHYSICAL ASSAULT INJ

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36. RELIABILITY OF THE PRP MEAN ALPHA COEFFICIENT 437 STUDENTS=.74 102 OFFENDERS = 69 PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF ALPHA COEFFICIENTS FOR STUDENT AND OFFENDER SAMPLES ALPHASTUDENTSOFFENDERS <.59--13%.60 TO.6929%40%.70 TO.7938%40%.80 TO.8733% 7% MEAN.74.69