1. How is water important for living things and ecosystems? A. photosynthesis B. respiration C. digestion D. all of the above

3. True or False...Nutrients enter the biosphere from and outside source and are continually replaced in the cycles. A. True B. False

5. The process that released carbon dioxide into the atmosphere is _____. A. photosynthesis B. respiration C. transpiration D. desperation

6. B. respiration

7. What are the two key players in Nitrogen Fixation? A. Legumes and symbiotic bacteria B. ammonia nitrogen C. corn and soybeans D. amino acids and proteins

8. A. Legumes and symbiotic bacteria

9. True or False...Phosphorus cycles through the atmosphere. A. True B. False

11. The main reservoir for phosphorus is _____. A. remains of plants and animals B. the atmosphere C. rocks and soil D. ocean water

12. C. rocks and soil

13. The main reservoir for carbon is the ____. A. soil B. plants C. ocean D. atmosphere

15. The three types of fossil fuels stored in the earth are____. A. coal B. gypsum C. natural gas D. oil

16. A. coal B. gypsum C. natural gas

17. Macronutrients and micronutrients cycle through ecosystems through _____ cycles. A. geological B. biotic and abiotic C. atmospheric D. biogeochemical

19. The main reservoir of water on earth is ____. A. rivers B. lakes C. oceans D. glaciers

20. C. oceans

21. What are macronutrients? A. nutrients used by organisms in small amounts B. nutrients used by organisms in large amounts C. elements that we will run out of because they do not recycle D. iodine, iron, zinc

22. B. nutrients used by organisms in large amounts

23. How does carbon enter the biotic part of the ecosystem? A. Secondary consumers eat other animals B. Primary consumers eat plants C. Secondary consumers eat primary consumers D. Carbon enters through the water

24. B. Primary consumers eat plants

25. How does phosphorus get out of the rocks where it is stored? A. By erosion, water washes over the rocks and release phosphorus B. plant roots break rocks apart and release phosphorus C. Transpiration releases phosphorus. D. The burning of fossil fuels release phosphorus.

26. A. By erosion, water washes over the rocks and release phosphorus

27. ____% of the air is nitrogen gas. A. 22 B. 42 C. 68 D. 78

29. Clover, peas, alfalfa, and soy beans are examples of _____. A. legumes B. cattle feed C. brown plants D. annual plants

30. A. legumes

31. ____ is the product of nitrogen fixation. A. solid nitrogen B. nitrogen gas C. ammonia D. ammonium nitrate

32. C. ammonia

33. Humus, silt, clay, and sand are all parts of____. A. soil B. fungi C. rocks D. plants

34. A. soil

35. What products do plants produce from carbon? (more than one answer) A. glucose B. maltose C. starches D. cellulose

36. A. glucose C. starches D. cellulose

37. What happens to phosphorus in the ocean? A. It forms the sea foam that washes onto the shore B. It forms rocks and sea mountains C. It is incorporated into the bones and bodies of marine animals D. It remains suspended in the water

38. C. It is incorporated into the bones and bodies of marine animals

39. What are micronutrients? A. nutrients used by organisms in small amounts B. nutrients used by organisms in large amounts C. elements that we will run out of because they do not recycle D. carbon, hydrogen, oxygen nitrogen and phosphorus

40. A. nutrients used by organisms in small amounts

41. Nitrate is a product of ____. A. ammonification B. nitrogen fixation C. denitrification D. nitrification

43. Which of the following compounds contain phosphorus? (more than one answer) A. ATP B. glucose C. nucleic acids D. coenzyme NADP

44. A. ATP C. nucleic acids D. coenzyme NADP

45. How has the amount of nutrients on earth changed through time? A. The amount has increased. B. The amount has decreased. C. The amount has remained constant.

47. The phosphorus cycle is different from the other biogeochemical cycles because is does not involve the atmosphere. Which pair of cycles has the greatest interaction with the phosphorus cycle? A. nitrogen and hydrologic B. carbon and nitrogen C. carbon and sulfur D. rock and hydrologic

49. A farmer decides to reduce the number of legume crops this year. How will this effect the number of nitrogen-fixing bacteria change? A. The number of bacteria will increase. B. The number of bacteria will decrease. C. The number of bacteria will not change.

50. B. The number of bacteria will decrease.

51. Which cycle could be blamed for "Global Warming"? A. carbon cycle B. water cycle C. nitrogen cycle D. phosphorus cycle

52. A. carbon cycle

53. An example of a micronutrient is ___ and an example of a macronutrient is ____. A. zinc/carbon B. carbon/zinc C. oxygen/carbon dioxide D. carbon dioxide/oxygen

54. A. zinc/carbon

55. Which human activities can contribute to ocean pollution due to runoff? (more than one answer) A. planting cover crops and employing contour plowing methods to prevent erosion B. strip mining and deforestation C. building cities and highways D. growing crops and burning fossil fuels

56. B. strip mining and deforestation C. building cities and highways D. growing crops and burning fossil fuels

57. In the water cycle, the sun’s energy causes ____. A. evaporation. B. condensation. C. precipitation. D. percolation.

58. A. evaporation.

59. Carbon enters the biotic part of an ecosystem through _____. A. respiration B. fermentation C. digestion D. photosynthesis