1. Sentence Structure
Complements

2. I. Subject Complements Follow LINKING verbs
Describe or rename the subject
Common linking verbs:
Forms of be: am, is, are, was, were, be, been
Others: appear, become, feel, look, sound, seem, taste

3. I. Subject Complements Predicate nouns Rename or define the subject
Monarch butterflies are insects.
Cocoons become butterfly nurseries.

4. Predicate Nouns Examples: The verb notes are important facts.
(Facts define what notes are.)
Mark is a diligent student.
(Student renames what Mark is.)

5. I. Subject Complements B. Predicate adjectives Describe the subject
Monarch butterflies are beautiful.
Cocoons feel sticky at first.

6. Predicate Adjectives Examples: The notes are extremely important.
(Important describes the notes.)
Mark is hardworking.
(Hardworking describes Mark.)

7. II. Objects of Action Verbs
Follow ACTION verbs
Tell WHOM/WHAT receives the action
Tell TO/FOR WHOM the action is performed

8. II. Objects of Action Verbs
Direct objects
Receives action
Answers (verb) what?
Ben threw Hines the ball.

9. Direct Objects Examples: Students must write notes about verbs.
(Ask: The students must write what?)
The notes have information for the test.
(Ask: The notes have what?)

10. A. Direct Objects, cont. 1. Not all action verbs have direct objects.
a. Transitive verbs- have direct objects (They transfer the action to the object.) b. Intransitive verbs- no direct objects
Ex: Students copy the verb notes. (has DO) Students copy quickly. (no DO)

11. II. Objects of Action Verbs
B. Indirect objects
The person for whom the action is performed.
Answers (verb) (DO) to whom?
Ben threw Hines the ball.

12. Indirect Objects Example: Mark gave Tiffany the notes. (DO: notes)
(Ask: Mark gave the notes to whom?)
(subject)(verb) (DO)

13. Indirect Objects, cont.
1. Indirect objects do not use the prepositions to or for. If it uses to or for it is the object of a preposition.
Ex: Mark gave the notes to Tiffany.
(This is not an indirect object. It is the object of the preposition to.)