1. C RITICAL & C REATIVE T HINKING B Y D ESIGN Teri Wagner Liesl Baum Phyllis Newbill INSTITUTE FOR CREATIVITY, ARTS, AND TECHNOLOGY

2. 4 ASPECTS OF CRITICAL AND CREATIVE THINKING PHASES OF DESIGN

3. Critical and Creative Thinking Brainstorm Conceptualize Explore Use analogies Use metaphors Examine ideas in new and varied ways Observe Elaborate Infer Extrapolate Make remote associations

4. Critical and Creative Thinking Question Separate Organize Interpret Summarize Hypothesize Compose Judge resources Judge logic Judge value and worth Generalize

5. Critical and Creative Thinking Demonstrate autonomy Persist Maintain intrinsic motivation Recognize relevance Avoid impulsivity Reject stereotypes and prejudices Embrace multiple points of view Judge assumptions Remain sensitive Remain open-minded Tolerate ambiguity

6. Critical and Creative Thinking Recognize a challenge Assess knowledge Understand ability Allocate resources Focus Perform Progress Identify consequences Revise Cognitive restructuring Evaluate the process Evaluate the product

7. Design Phases: Narrow/Focus Find meaningful/relev ant problems to solve Ask, “How might we…”

8. Design Phases: Empathize Identify target audience Observe, interact, ask questions Understand their perspective

9. Design Phases: Define Reframe the problem based on users’ needs Identify and remove assumptions Solve the right problem

10. Design Phases: Ideate Generate multiple ideas for potential solutions Ask, “What if…” Outlandish ideas welcome!

11. Design Phases: Prototype & Test Build informal physical models of ideas Let target users test Utilize feedback to improve

12. What is design?

13. STOP, DROP, AND… DESIGN

14. WHAT TO DO? EMPTY YOUR BAG READ YOUR CHALLENGE CARD FIND A NEW SOLUTION TO THE CHALLENGE USING ONLY THE ITEMS IN YOUR BAG CREATE A PROTOTYPE in the next 15 minutes…

15. SHARE! WHAT WAS YOUR TEAM’S CHALLENGE? DESCRIBE YOUR SOLUTION. WHICH CRITICAL AND CREATIVE THINKING SKILLS DID YOU USE?

16. Create a safe way to cook in a home with no electricity Keep a new born baby warm in a space with no electricity Collect and carry water Create a safe light source for a home with no electricity Carry groceries up several flights of steps Block sun and wind in the desert Create a system for sharing food Imagine a new communication system Imagine a way to drink on the go. SAMPLE CHALLENGES

17. OTHER DESIGNED THINGS?

18. CLASSROOM APPLICATIONS ENGLISH? BIOLOGY? EDUCATION? SOCIOLOGY? HISTORY? OTHER?

19. RESOURCES IDEA Studio: http://www.icat.vt.edu/IDEAS/index.html http://www.icat.vt.edu/IDEAS/index.html Smithsonian Cooper-Hewitt National Design Museum: http://www.cooperhewitt.org/learning/designcenter http://www.cooperhewitt.org/learning/designcenter Hasso Plattner Institute of Design at Stanford: http://dschool.stanford.edu/ http://dschool.stanford.edu/