1. Guerino Mazzola (Fall 2015 © ): Introduction to Music Technology IIAcoustic Reality II.2 (M Sept 21) Hearing with Ear and Brain

2. Guerino Mazzola (Fall 2015 © ): Introduction to Music Technology malleus incus stapes semicircular channels cochlea cochlea ear drum auricle 1 cm 2 20-fold reinforcement enters the upper (oval) window of cochlea 2.5 windings 30 mm length

3. Guerino Mazzola (Fall 2015 © ): Introduction to Music Technology inner hair cells outer hair cells basilar membrane tectorial membrane Reissner‘s membrane 1 mm scalamedia scalatympani scalavestibuli auditory nerve oval window perilymphliquid endolymphliquid 10 -8 cm in 1/200 sec 24‘000 hair cells 30-50 stereo- and 1 kino-ciliae Corti organ

4. Guerino Mazzola (Fall 2015 © ): Introduction to Music Technology helicotrema stapes roundwindow high frequencies low frequencies George von Békésy 1960, Harvard U, Nobel prize

5. Guerino Mazzola (Fall 2015 © ): Introduction to Music Technology nervus cochlearis nucleus cochlearis nuclei superiores olivae corpus geniculatum mediale colliculus inferior gyri Heschl 30‘000 nerve „cables“ 4 major transformations of data!

6. Guerino Mazzola (Fall 2015 © ): Introduction to Music Technology cochlea low pitch high pitch cat brain multiple representation of same pitch