1. Chapter 11 Section 3 Mr. Love US History

2. Wartime Economics Due to collapse of South’s transportation system and occupation of Union troops in many agriculture areas, the south suffered severe food shortages in winter of 1862. Due to collapse of South’s transportation system and occupation of Union troops in many agriculture areas, the south suffered severe food shortages in winter of 1862. Led to low morale and riots in south. Led to low morale and riots in south. economic boom in the North due to war. economic boom in the North due to war. Women entered workforce to fill work need. Women entered workforce to fill work need. Clothing industry profited from gov’t contracts Clothing industry profited from gov’t contracts

3. African Americans in the Military AA were officially allowed to enlist for the Union army and navy due to Emancipation Proclamation Thousands join – thought it would help end discrimination The 54th Massachusetts was the first African American regiment officially organized in the North (Glory)

4. Military Life Life was hard for a soldier Life was hard for a soldier Little food (hardtack) Little food (hardtack) large number of casualties large number of casualties doctors did not know of infectious germs. doctors did not know of infectious germs. spread quickly in hospitals spread quickly in hospitals amputations were commonly used amputations were commonly used small pox and pneumonia always a threat small pox and pneumonia always a threat

5. Civil War Surgeons

6. Amputation Kit

7. Civil War Amputee

8. This next picture is kind of gross so look away if you do not like gross things!!

9. Pile of Amputations

10. Military Life women acted as nurses in battle areas 1861, Elizabeth Blackwell, nation’s first female doctor, started a training program for nurses. Her work helped to create the United States Sanitary Commission provided supplies and assistance to army camps. Clara Barton was a famous nurse and started the Red Cross. CW was turning point of the nursing profession

11. Nurses during Civil War

12. Military Life Union and South would have prisoner exchange. Union and South would have prisoner exchange. However, south would not exchange African Americans for whites. In response, Lincoln cancelled all prisoner exchanges. However, south would not exchange African Americans for whites. In response, Lincoln cancelled all prisoner exchanges. Andersonville, prison in southwest Georgia, had no shade or shelter for its huge population. Andersonville, prison in southwest Georgia, had no shade or shelter for its huge population. Little food, overcrowded and rampant disease were common. Little food, overcrowded and rampant disease were common. Thousands die in camp Thousands die in camp Henry Wirz, the commandant of Andersonville, was the only person executed for war crimes from the Civil War. Henry Wirz, the commandant of Andersonville, was the only person executed for war crimes from the Civil War.

13. REVIEW Why was there severe food shortages in the South during the CW? Why was there severe food shortages in the South during the CW? Why did many African Americans decide to enlist in the military? Why did many African Americans decide to enlist in the military? Where did most of the CW casualties come from? Where did most of the CW casualties come from? How did women’s roles change during the Civil War? How did women’s roles change during the Civil War? Who was Henry Wirz and why was he executed? Who was Henry Wirz and why was he executed?

14. Photography Process During the Civil War, the process of taking photographs was complex and time-consuming. Two photographers would arrive at a location. One would mix chemicals and pour them on a clean glass plate. After the chemicals were given time to evaporate, the glass plate would be sensitized by being immersed -- in darkness -- in a bath solution. Placed in a holder, the plate would then be inserted in the camera, which had been positioned and focused by the other photographer. Exposure of the plate and development of the photograph had to be completed within minutes; then the exposed plate was rushed to the darkroom wagon for developing. Each fragile glass plate had to be treated with great care after development -- a difficult task on a battlefield. During the Civil War, the process of taking photographs was complex and time-consuming. Two photographers would arrive at a location. One would mix chemicals and pour them on a clean glass plate. After the chemicals were given time to evaporate, the glass plate would be sensitized by being immersed -- in darkness -- in a bath solution. Placed in a holder, the plate would then be inserted in the camera, which had been positioned and focused by the other photographer. Exposure of the plate and development of the photograph had to be completed within minutes; then the exposed plate was rushed to the darkroom wagon for developing. Each fragile glass plate had to be treated with great care after development -- a difficult task on a battlefield.

15. Photo Gallery This is the first major American war that photographs began to document the happenings of the battles and outcomes. This is the first major American war that photographs began to document the happenings of the battles and outcomes. One of the most famous of these photographers was Mathew Brady. One of the most famous of these photographers was Mathew Brady. How has war been seen by the public prior to photographs? How has war been seen by the public prior to photographs?

16. Mathew Brady

17. Civil War “Dark Room”

18. Mobile Cannon

19. Mobile Artillery

20. General Grant (Union)

21. Gen. Robert E. Lee (Confederates)

22. Gettysburg (First Day)

23. “Dead Confederate”

24. Union Soldiers

26. Mathew Brady

27. Question to answer on paper How do actual photographs of war change public opinions of war in the future? How do actual photographs of war change public opinions of war in the future? How would things possibly be different if there were no cameras during our war today? How would things possibly be different if there were no cameras during our war today? Would things be better or worse? Explain your claim. Would things be better or worse? Explain your claim.